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The article presents comparative analysis results for the state of the business environment for innovation transformations in the Russian economy by comparing Russia’s positions with those held by world powers in leading international ratings that characterize conditions for economic growth and quality of economic growth. The article shows data pointing to positive changes in the country’s competitiveness and its critical lag in terms of global leadership in high-tech markets and labor productivity. In the article, the authors assess the condition and development trends in the national innovation ecosystem, with close attention paid to the analysis of interaction among major venture market participants, the discovery of factors, which encourage and prevent its development. The authors emphasize that major industrial groups are introverts when executing domestic technology projects and ignoring their opportunities of breaking onto the venture market. The authors accept arguments in favor of choosing major industrial enterprises as targets of innovation policy as producers of faster and more tangible innovation results. They substantiate whether the development of Russian industrial enterprises under the Industrie 4.0 model is adequate, describe tools, measures and the best practices to bring innovations to the industrial sector. They draw a conclusion that the Russian industrial sector’s innovation development is possible and urgent as a factor of solidifying the country’s economic strength.

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