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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intervention program on the patterns of physical activity in 8- to 10-year-old Mexican children from lower socioeconomic status. This study performed a randomized controlled field trial in 498 children aged 8-10 years from 10 public schools of low socioeconomic status in Mexico City. Schools were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 5) or control (n = 5) groups and followed up during 12 months. Physical and sedentary activities were assessed at the beginning of the program and after 6 and 12 months. At the end of follow-up, there was a significant increase in the performance of moderate physical activity (MPA) among children in intervention group who had not performed MPA at baseline any day of the week (40%, P = 0.04) but not in the control group (8%, P = not significant). The intervention group also showed a significant reduction in the proportion of children who spent more than 3 hours a day playing video games (from 23 to 13%, P = 0.01), while control group did not show significant changes. Given these findings, we conclude that intervention was able to modify positively physical activity and reduce time spent on such sedentary activities as video games among those at highest risk studied children.

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ResumenIntroducción: recientemente se ha documentado que el consumo de bebidas dulces calóricas y no calóricas ha incrementado como una opción para el control de peso. Sin embargo, algunos ensayos clínicos han demostrado solo pérdidas de peso modestas. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la reducción del consumo de bebidas con endulzantes calóricos y no calóricos en el peso, composición corporal y presión arterial en adultos jóvenes mexicanos. Métodos: en un ensayo clínico controlado fueron asignados al azar 148 estudiantes de enfermería a 3 grupos: 1) no se permitió consumo de bebidas endulzadas, solo agua simple, café o infusiones sin azúcar; 2) consumo de bebidas con endulzantes no calóricos; y 3) ninguna restricción en el consumo de bebidas. A todos los grupos se les proporcionó una dieta individualizada isocalórica que fue monitoreada mediante un recordatorio de 24 horas y un cuestionario de frecuencia consumo de alimentos. Al inicio del estudio, tres y seis meses después se tomó la presión arterial, peso, circunferencia de cintura y composición corporal mediante impedancia bioeléctrica tetrapolar. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente signifi cativas en el cambio del índice de masa corporal a los tres meses, el cual disminuyó en los grupos 1 y 2 y aumentó en el grupo 3 (-1,75 vs. -0,61 vs. 0,54% de cambio, p < 0,001). A los 6 meses se encontraron diferencias en el cambio de la circunferencia de cintura (-4,07 vs. -1,23 vs. 0,62% de cambio, p < 0,001) y en el consumo de azúcar (-62,0 vs. -54,61 vs. 11,08% de cambio, p < 0,001) en los grupo 1, 2 y 3 respectivamente. Conclusiones: la reducción del consumo de bebidas endulzadas calóricas y no calóricas contribuye a una reducción signifi cativa del índice de masa corporal y la circunferencia de cintura. AbstractIntroduction: Recently has been documented that the consumption of sweetened non-caloric beverages has increased as an option to weight control, however randomized control trials have demonstrated a modest weight loss. Objective: To evaluate the effect of reducing consumption of beverage with caloric and non-caloric sweeteners on weight, body composition and blood pressure in young Mexican adults. Methods: In an experimental study 148 nursing students were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: 1) no sweetened beverages were permitted, only plain water, tea or coffee without sugar; 2) consumption of beverages with non-caloric sweeteners was allowed; and 3) no restriction of sweetened beverages was imposed. All groups were given individualized isocaloric diets monitored by a 24-hour record of consumption and food frequency questionnaire and blood pressure, weight, waist circumference and body composition by tetrapolar bioelectric impedance were taken at the beginning of the study and three and six months later. Results: Differences between groups were found in body mass index at 3 months that decrease in group 1 and 2 and increase in group 3 (-1.75 vs. -0.61 vs. 0.54% of change, p < 0.001). At six months there were also statistical differenc...