No abstract

Sesbania grandiflora Linn. (Family: Fabaceae) is widespread distributed West Bengal, Assam, Karnataka and North-Eastern. The present study intended with various phytochemical screening and toxicity studies were carried out on the flowers of Sesbania grandiflora. Preliminary phytochemical evalution of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of revealed that presence of corbohydrate, proteins, amino acids, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and glycosides. The acute toxicity study was performed to determined LD 50 of methanolic extract 200-400 mg/kg, and aqueous extract250-500 mg/kg.

The anti ulcerogenic activity of Sesbania graindiflora was evaluated by employing aspirin and pylorus ligation induced ulcerations in rats. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin are known to induce gastric ulceration. The reason being attributed principally to inhibition of biosynthesis of 'cytoprotective prostaglandins' (by inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism), resulting in overproduction of leukotrienes and other products of 5-lipoxygenase pathway .Hence, the protective action of Sesbania graindiflora against aspirin-induced gastric lesions could possibly be due to its 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory effect.

Annona reticulate (AR) is indigenous to the tropical areas of India and worldwide. The use of plant as remedy for diarrhea and ulcer is well documented in Ayurvedic system of medicine. However, pharmacological evidence does not exist to substantiate its therapeutic efficacy for the same. The aim was to investigate the antiulcer and anti-diarrheal activity of methanolic (ME) and aqueous extracts (AE) of A. reticulate in animal model. The antiulcer activity of extracts was investigated using ethanol and pylorus ligation-induced ulcer. The anti-diarrheal activity of MEAR and AEAR extracts was evaluated by castor oil induced diarrhea and gastro intestinal motility using parameters such as onset of diarrhea, number of wet stools, total number of stool and weight of total number of stools. The antiulcer activity of the extracts was confirmed by a reduction in ulcer index along with the decrease in gastric volume, total acidity, and an increase in pH of gastric content in both the models. A. reticulate extracts were more efficacious in reducing number of total stools in both the models of diarrhea and showed a dose-dependent antidiarrheal effect. The obtained results have established a pharmacological evidence for the folkloric use of the A. reticulate as antiulcer and antidiarrhoeal agent.

The study's goal is to conducta survey on prophylactic measures taken by the hyderabadi’s during the 2nd wave of covid-19.The current online survey has been conducted by posing 18 questions regarding the extent of prophylactic measures taken by the Hyderabadis during the second wave of the SARS COVID-19 by distributing online Google forms randomly to a large group of the Hyderabadi population which includes 3000 individuals. The Google form contained 18 prominent questions regarding the preventive measures of Covid-19.The results obtained from the survey indicated that 46.3% of individuals were interested to wear an ordinary mask without compulsion, 35.3% of individuals used a surgical mask, 51.5% of individuals followed double masking during the second wave of the COVID-19 and 78.7% majority of individuals had not been tested positive for COVID-19. Few individuals of the population were found to be more prone to consume antibiotics (28.7%), especially Azithromycin and corticosteroids (8.1%) such as betamethasone and dexamethasone as a prophylactic measure for the corona infection.