The purpose of this study was to validate the Japanese version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J). Employees from three independent samples completed the questionnaire (total N = 2,334). Confirmatory factor analyses using the multiple-group method revealed that, instead of the original threefactor model, a one-factor model that assumes that all engagement items load on one single factor fitted the data. Moreover, the one-factor structure was invariant across all three samples. Internal consistency of the scale was sufficiently high ( α = .92) and the test-retest reliability with an interval of two months was .66. A series of second-order confirmatory factor analyses to examine construct validity confirmed the hypothesised model, indicating that work engagement was positively related to job satisfaction whereas it was negatively related to strain and burnout. However, as in previous studies, professional efficacy, a component of burnout, loaded on the engagement factor. These results, in general, suggest the reliability (internal consistency and stability), factorial invariance, and construct validity of the UWES-J in three independent samples.Cette étude avait pour objectif de valider la version japonaise de l'Echelle d'Implication au Travail d'Utrecht (UWES-J). 2,334 salariés provenant de trois échantillons indépendants ont rempli le questionnaire. Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire faisant appel à la méthode des groupes multiples a montré que le modèle originel en trois facteurs devait laisser la place à un modèle unifactoriel puisque tous les items d'implication étaient saturés sur un unique facteur qui rendait compte à lui seul des données. En outre, la structure monofactorielle restait identique à elle-même sur les trois échantillons. La consistance interne de l'échelle était suffisamment élevée ( α = .92) et la fidélité test-retest après une période de deux mois était de .66. Une série d'analyses factorielles confirmatoires de second ordre destinées à étudier la validité de construction ont confirmé le modèle hypothétique, indiquant que l'implication dans le travail était en corrélation positive avec la satisfaction professionnelle tandis qu'elle était en relation négative avec la tension nerveuse et le burnout. Comme dans des travaux antérieurs, l'efficacité professionnelle, une composante du burnout, était saturée dans le facteur d'implication. Ces résultats, vont dans le sens de la fidélité (consistance interne et stabilité), de la solidité factorielle et de la validité de construction de l'UWES-J dans ces trois échantillons indépendants.

Alongiside the growing demand for wearable and implantable electronics, the development of flexible thermoelectric (FTE) materials holds great promise and has recently become a highly necessitated and efficient method for converting heat to electricity. Conductive polymers were widely used in previous research; however, n-type polymers suffer from instability compared to the p-type polymers, which results in a deficiency in the n-type TE leg for FTE devices. The development of the n-type FTE is still at a relatively early stage with limited applicable materials, insufficient conversion efficiency, and issues such as an undesirably high cost or toxic element consumption. In this work, as a prototype, a flexible n-type rare-earth free skutterudite (CoSb3)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) binary thermoelectric film was fabricated based on ball-milled skutterudite via a facile top-down method, which is promising to be widely applicable to the hybridization of conventional bulk TE materials. The polymers bridge the separated thermoelectric particles and provide a conducting pathway for carriers, leading to an enhancement in electrical conductivity and a competitive Seebeck coefficient. The current work proposes a rational design towards FTE devices and provides a perspective for the exploration of conventional thermoelectric materials for wearable electronics.

As a result of geometrically analyzing the line drawings of the plan of Salisbury Cathedral measured at site by RCHME, the present author inquires into the way of constructing the plan through distributing geometric figures such as equilateral triangles and squares by making use of a ruler or a compass. Although Peter Kidson has already pointed out that the plan has two different standard measures and grids applied to the eastern and western parts of the cathedral, the author proposes a possibility of analyzing the plan by drawing geometric figures, especially considering the building process of the cathedral.

Brazilian Portuguese (BP) has been analyzed as a language that is loosing its referential null subjects, but though its typology is clear in the beginning of the change, the direction and target of the change is controversial. This paper brings an empirical and theoretical analysis comparing its synchronic state a) with Japanese, a radical [Null Subj] language, b) with Finnish, a partial [Null Subj] language, c) with English, a [-Null Subj] language, and finally d) with Icelandic, a ‘semi’[-Null Subj] language. It concludes that in its core grammar BP is of the latter type, though in the periphery of the I-language of literate Brazilians the lost [Null Subj] may appear due to instruction.