No abstract

No abstract

The need for fluoride in drinking water to the extent that reduces the amount of tooth decay and the other hand does not cause dental fluorosis, has been well documented as an important fact. The aim of this research is to survey values of fluoride in drinking water in Sistan and Baluchestan. In this descriptive and analytical study, the number of 551 samples during 4 seasons of 2013 year from rural drinking water sources via rural water and Wastewater Company has been taken. The concentration of fluoride in water samples was measured using SPADNS method. Results shows that the average concentration of fluoride in drinking water supplies for the rural region of Khash, Sarbaz, Iranshahr, Saravan, Nickshahr city are 0.72 (±0.31), 0.55(±0.21), 0.33 (±0.127), 0.6 (±0.24), 0.435 (±0.23) respectively.

No abstract

Water contamination due to release of dye containing effluents is one of the environmental problems of serious concern today. The present study investingate the Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) doped on activated carbon (AC) prepared from walnut peel extract and to estimate its efficiency in the removal of Eosin Y (Eo-Y) and Erythrosine B (Er-B) from its aqueous solution. The synthesized AC-ZnO was identified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The influence of various parameters such as pH, dosage of AC-ZnO, contact time, and concentrations of Eo-Y and Er-B were also studied. The pH 3 was observed as the optimum pH while the equilibrium was noticed to reach in 30 min at dosage of 1 g/L and initial concentration 100 mg/L for Eosin Y and Erythrosine B adsorption onto AC-ZnO. The maximum adsorption capacity of Eo-Y and Er-B onto AC-ZnO was found to be 163.9 and 144.92 mg/g (and removal efficiencies of 95.11 and 98.31 %), respectively. The process of Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption on AC-ZnO was observed to be depended on the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which indicate chemisorption processes. Langmuir adsorption isotherm model test described the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B on AC-ZnO. The Eo-Y and Er-B adsorption were found to be non-spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Also, the values, SBET and VTOTAL for the AC-ZnO were equal to 725.65 m 2 /g and 0.6004 cm 3 /g, respectively. The results of this study exhibited that AC-ZnO was a very effective method that can be used for the removal of Eo-Y and Er-B from aqueous solutions.