Background: Congenital Rubella infection is a serious disabling problem for children resulting in Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). The exact pattern of the CRS related cardiovascular malformation has not yet been well established in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to observe the pattern of cardiovascular malformation in Congenital Rubella Syndrome. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). Total 40 suspected CRS cases were recruited from both indoor and outpatient departments of the two study hospitals. Serum samples were tested for rubella-specific IgM and IgG, visual and hearing assessment, chest radiography and colour doppler echocardiography were performed at appropriate specialized centres. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the study population (n=40) was 6.6 (±5.7) months (range: 0–24 months), 68% children were male and 32% were female. Congenital heart disease (CHD) was found in 78% children. Patent ductus arteriosus was the commonest (47.5%) structural defect followed by pulmonary stenosis (22%), atrial septal defect (17.5%) and ventricular septal defect (17%). The chest X-ray of CHD cases showed cardiomegaly in 71% cases and patchy opacity and/or consolidation in 65% cases. Regarding serological assessment of the 37 patients (3 patients rejected blood collection), 60% cases showed IgG positive and 28% cases revealed positive IgM. Conclusions: Various forms of cardiovascular malformation are present in CRS patients. Treatment modalities differ in each type of CHD and its early detection can reduce childhood mortality and morbidity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i3.22822 Bangladesh J Child Health 2014; VOL 38 (3) :137-141

not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :179-182

Rubella is a major public health problem which is usually a mild rash illness in children and adults. However, it has devastating systemic consequences when rubella virus crosses the placental barrier and infects fetal tissue resulting in congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Congenital rubella syndrome is an under-recognized public health problem in Bangladesh and the burden of the disease weighs heavily on patients and society; therefore, routine vaccination and other preventative strategies are strongly encouraged. Extensive surveillance studies should be conducted to eliminate CRS from our country. In this review, we will characterize the epidemiology of CRS; describe the patho-phyisiology, clinical features and laboratory testing for the disease, and discuss measures needed for prevention of rubella and CRS.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2015; 3(2): 89-95

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Background: Perinatal asphyxia, or more accurately, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), remains a devastating illness, producing considerable death and long-term morbidity despite great breakthroughs with sophisticated monitoring technologies and understanding of fetal and neonatal pathology. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the maternal risk factor for HIE progression in infants. Method: This case control study was conducted in the Department of the Paediatrics, Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College Hospital, Sylhet during the period from 1 st January 2014 to 30 th June 2014. Ninety-six normal birth weight term babies with HIE were selected as case; Ninety six sex and birth weight matched, term singleton baby without HIE born in Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College Hospital, Sylhet were taken as control. Results: Maternal age (<20 years) [15 (15.6%) versus 6 (6.2%); OR=3.165; 95% of CI=1.176-8.518; p=0.037]; maternal height (<145 cm) [37 (38.5%) versus 24 (25.0%); OR=1.881; 95% of CI=1.014-3.492; p=0.044), primiparity [45 (46.9%) versus 31 (32.3%); OR=1.850; 95% of CI=1.029-3.325; p=0.039], irregular or no antenatal care [41 (42.7%) versus 27 (28.1%); OR=1.905; 95% of CI=1.044-3.476; p=0.035]; pregnancy induced hypertension [38 (39.6%) versus 22 (22.9%);OR=2.204; 95% of CI=1.777-4.128; p=0.013]. Conclusion: Maternal risk factors of development of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy are maternal age (& lt;20 years), primigravida mother, absence or irregular antenatal care, pregnancy induced hypertension is associated with HIE.