repair systems are settled to process DNA damage and maintain genomic integrity (Abbotts et al., 2014). Among these, the X-ray repair cross-complementing group1 (XRCC1) which is responsible for repair of oxidative DNA damage and single-strand breaks (London, 2015).

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Background The recommended reliance on 12 weeks posttreatment sustained virological response (SVR12) instead of SVR24 was validated for treatment evaluation. Aim Judging claimed concordance between SVR12 and SVR24. Patients and methods In a prospective study, 91 patients received sofosbuvir (SOF)+interferon+ribavirin (RV) for 12 weeks; 52 patients received SOF+RV for 24 weeks; and 56 patients received SOF+simeprevir for 12 weeks. Demographic and laboratory data, transient elastography, treatment regimens, hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4, week 12, and SVR12 and were reported. Patients who failed to achieve undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA at the end of therapy were excluded. Results Concordance between SVR12 and SVR24 was 96.5%, with a positive predictive value of 96.4%. Regarding treatment groups it was found to be 95.6% for SVR24 in SOF+interferon+RV-treated patients, 94.2% in SOF+RV-treated patients, and 100% concordance in SOF+simeprevir-treated patients with insignificant values (P=0.2). In spite of nonsignificance, the reported seven (3.5%) relapsers were mainly male gender (five cases, P=0.9), naïvely treated (five cases, P=0.6), achieved rapid virological response (five cases, P>0.005), with advanced fibrosis (F4) by fibroscan (five cases, P=0.7). Regression analysis failed to detect any predictors of relapse. Conclusion In spite of the high grade of concordance between SVR12 and SVR24, the reported rate of relapsers necessitates the backward commitment to SVR24 as a reliable primary endpoint of treatment response evaluation.

Background Dieulafoy arteriole is a lamina propria vessel that unlike the other arterioles is getting bigger and bending into the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Such anatomic aberration is unusual cause for life threatening gastrointestinal bleeds. Case presentation Herein, we report a case of an elderly gentleman, who had massively bleeding Dieulafoy lesion and endoscopic hemostasis of the spurting Dieulafoy by the use of the over-the-scope clip (OVESCO, Tübingen, Germany) has been successfully undertaken. Conclusion The endoscopic management of Dieulafoy related bleeds can be enriched by the use of over-the-scope clip, OVESCO, technique.