The spacific activity of naturally radionuclides (226Ra, 212Pb, and 40K) in water samples of Tigris river was tested using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector at 30 separate locations in tigris river in Iraq’s Salah Al-Din Governorate. The activity concentrations of activity of 226Ra, 212Pb, 137Cs, and 40K ranged from ( 0.056, 0.702, 0.15, 105.12 Bq/L ) to ( 805.6, 75.12, 27.6, 1149.4 Bq/L ), with an average of ( 315.6, 30.8, 12.04, and 509.2 Bq/L) respectively. The average The radium equivalent activity was found to be (397.4 Bg/kg). The absorbed dose rate in air for the samples was also investigated, and its averagr of (185.6 nGyh-1). For one year, the outdoor annual effective doses with an average of (0.23mSv/y), and the indoor annual effective doses with an average of (0.911mSv/y). The external hazard indices, as well as the internal hazard indices, were found to be more than one higher than the global limit, with average values of 2.04 and 2.89, respectively, higher than the global limit. The International Commission on Radiological Safety and Ionizing Radiation’s Biological Effects Radiation risk factors is used to measure the excess lifetime cancer risk.

Our aim was to investigate the changes in the myocardium stiffness index for patients suffering from systemic hypertension, and to assess their left ventricular performance. We studied 263 hypertensive patients and 166 healthy subjects as a control group. By using conventional Doppler echocardiography, the following parameters were measured-Left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter, transmitral early velocity, isovolumic relaxation time, and isovolumic contraction time. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was used in the measurements of the early mitral annular velocity (Ea) and the diastolic stiffness was obtained by calculating the ratio E\Ea\LVIDd. Index myocardial performance (IMP) was calculated according to following equation (IVCT + IVRT)/ET for both the control group and hypertensive group. Results reveal that the differences in the average value of transmitral early filling velocity (E) between patients and control groups for age range (20 -49) and (50 -80) were (−1.91%) and (−3.69%) respectively with p value >0.05 for both groups, and the changes in LVIDd between patients and control groups were 0.42% and 1.29% for age ranges (20 -49) and (50 -80) respectively with p value >0.05 for both age groups. A significant difference in IMP between patients and controls has also been observed and the changes were 29.54% and 30.43% for age range (20 -49) and (50 -80) respectively with p value <0.05 for both groups. The mean values for E/Ea ratio and for the measured LV stiffness index were significantly higher in hypertensive patients compared with control group (p value < 0.05) for both age groups. In conclusion, LV myocardial diastolic stiffness index and IMP are increased in hypertensive patients.M. F. Hussein et al.

Nanoceria have shown numerous unique characteristics, such as biocompatibility and are excellent agents for biological applications. The aim of this study is to investigate cerium oxide nanoparticles for 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and their ability to offer protection against ionizing radiation. In vitro antioxidant activity study of nanoceria particles has shown good free radical scavenging activity for DPPH radical assayed within a concentration range of 0.01 to 0.05 g/l, at higher concentrations of nanoparticles showed reverse trend in absorbance and inhibition indicating this finite rang of concentration is suitable for scavenging free radicals, also nanoparticles were found to have significant antioxidant capacity and thus can be used as potential radical scavenger against deleterious damages caused by the free radicals. The results of histopathological examination showed effectiveness of CeO2 nanoparticles in radioprotection of skin cells in animal models during radiation exposure.

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Humans are exposed to nuclear radiations every day, and these radiations are both natural and artificial. When the body tissues are exposed to nuclear radiation, free radicals are formed, which are responsible for cancer development. In this research, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by electrical explosion wire method. Nanoparticles were added to deionized water that contained free radicals before and after exposure to gamma rays. The obtained results indicate that the silver nanoparticles have antioxidant potential through possessing free radical scavenging activity, as they can donate electron to free radicals and become neutralize. Then, these nanoparticles were injected to mice before and after their irradiation with gamma ray. The liver and kidney of the mice were shown to be unaffected by gamma irradiation.