Article (Accepted Version) http://sro.sussex.ac.uk Sovacool, Benjamin and Haieri Yazdi, Asieh (2019) Technological frames and the politics of automated electric light rail rapid transit in Poland and the United Kingdom. Technology in Society, 59. a101190.

Sanctions imposed by a country against another country are considered as a foreign policy tool. Many studies have investigated different aspects of sanctions including the efficacy of sanctions to alter the target country's behaviour. However, the effects of a potential fight-back strategy adopted by a target country have been discussed rarely. In this paper, the outcomes of a possible fight-back strategy are simulated using game theoretical analysis. To find the matching state of game theory and sanction regimes, we have conducted a critical and systematic review of 12 sanctions, from 1950 to 2012. The results show that the capability of a target country to implement fight-back strategies provides the opportunity to change the sender's expected outcomes. It also makes the occurrence of future sanctions less probable or even less feasible.