BackgroundThe zygoma plays an important role in the facial contour for both cosmetic and functional reasons; therefore zygomatic bone injuries should be properly diagnosed and adequately treated. Comparison of various surgical approaches and their complications can only be done objectively using outcome measurements which in turn require protocol management and long-term follow up. The preference for open reduction and internal fixation of zygomatic fractures at three points has continued to grow in response to observations of inadequate results from two point and one point fixation techniques.The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of zygomatic bone after treatment with ORIF using 2 point fixation and ORIF using 3 point fixation and compare the outcome of two procedures.Methods100 patients were randomly divided equally into two groups. In group A, 50 patients were treated by ORIF using two point fixation by miniplates and in group B, 50 patients were treated by ORIF using three point fixation by miniplates. They were evaluated for their complications during and after surgery with their advantages and disadvantages and the difference between the two groups was observed.ResultsA total of 100 fractures were sustained. We found that postoperative complication like decreased malar height and vertical dystopia was more common in those patients who were treated by two point fixation than those who were treated with three point fixation.ConclusionsBased on this study open reduction and internal fixation using three point fixation by miniplates is the best available method for the treatment zygomatic bone fractures.

ObjectivesIn this retrospective study, we present a clinical review of our experience with tongue cancer in order to obtain valid criteria for therapeutic decision-making.Materials and methodsBetween August 1999 and June 2011, a total of 398 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan. Data concerning patient characteristics, clinical and pathologic tumour characteristics and treatment strategies and their results were obtained from a retrospective review of medical records. The average follow-up was 4.6 years. Statistical analysis for survival was calculated by the method of Kaplan and Meier.ResultsThere were 398 total patients. The mean age at diagnosis was 49.5 years,. 224 (56.3%) were male and 174 (43.7%) female (male/female ratio = 1.3:1).332/398 patients received surgical treatment, whereas 66 patients were excluded from surgical treatment and received primary radio (chemo) therapy after biopsy. Tongue carcinoma patients treated by non surgical treatment modalities had 5 years survival rate of 45.5% and patients with surgical intervention had survival rate of 96.1%.ConclusionsWe recommend categorical bilateral neck dissection in order to reliably remove occult lymph node metastases. Adjuvant treatment modalities should be applied more frequently in controlled clinical trials and should generally be implemented in cases with unclear margins and lymphatic spread.Clinical relevanceThis study provides modern treatment strategies for the tongue carcinoma.

The place of HR-HPV as a possible aetiological factor for HNSCC has further been established from this study.

Aim: To investigate the etiology, gender distribution and presenting complaints associated with zygomatic fractures Method: This cross sectional study was done in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of King Edward Medical University from April to D3ecember 2019. Patient data was collected from OPD and analysed with SPSS. Results: We analyzed the data of 162 patients with zygomatic bone fracture. Out of this 148 were male and 14 were females. There were bilateral cases, more affecting right side of face and affecting left side of face. The most common etiology was road traffic accident followed by interpersonal violence and occupational injuries. When we consider presenting complaints 87 patients came with difficulty in chewing, 45 with limited mouth opening, 23 with depressed malar eminence and only 7 patients with nerve paraesthesia. Conclusion: Considering the geographic and cultural indices of the evaluated population, it can be concluded that the patients gender and trauma causes significantly affect the prevalence of zygomatic bone fracture Keywords: Zygomatic bone, nerve paraesthesia, limited mouth opening

Background: Optimal patient management requires correct pathologic information regarding its prognostic value and definitive discrimination between the biological behavior of tumors. Traditional microscopic information often fails, especially when base on hematoxyllin and eosin methods. New grading system fills this void. The study was undertaken to determine the molecular grades of squamous cell carcinoma based on cumulative scores of histopathology, and proliferative activity and to see their correlation with pathological prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Scoring for histology, Ki-67 index, and p63 immunohistochemistry was done for 180 samples of squamous cell carcinoma with different histologic grades. Data regarding pathologic prognostic factors e.g., lymph node metastasis, local invasion, distance metastasis and recurrence was also collected for each case. Spearman correlation and Kendall's Tau-b test was used to assess association of molecular grading with pathologic prognostic factors. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Three grades (low, intermediate, and high) were determined by the sum of point values assigned to each 4 scores of histological differentiation, 5 p63 immunoreactivity scores and 4 scores of Ki-67. p63 scores were found to be related to the Ki-67 in the histological scoring of SCC. A significant correlation was found between the tumor grades and pathologic prognostic factors like stages (The molecular grades and the surgical stages are highly positively correlated, i.e. Spearman correlation = 0.721, p-value = 0.000) local invasion, lymph node involvement, distance metastasis (Kendall's Tau-b = 0.394; p-value = 0.00) and recurrence (Kendall's Tau — b = −0.966, p-value = 0.025). Conclusion: Molecular features of the malignant cells were related to the pathological prognostic factors. New molecular grading is better in understanding the pathologic and clinical behavior of SCC at the molecular level. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(12 Suppl):A31.