RINGKASANEkosistem hutan mangrove seluas 700 ha di Lampung Mangrove Center Desa Margasari Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai Kabupaten Lampung Timur Provinsi Lampung adalah sumberdaya milik bersama (CPRs). Karakteristik sumberdaya tersebut tidak memungkinkan untuk melalukan pemagaran, memerlukan persaingan dalam mendapatkan manfaat, dan tidak dapat mengeluarkan yang tidak berhak dalam pengelolaannya. Hutan mangrove tersebut telah mengalami perubahan sumberdaya secara fisik, sosial, ekonomi, dan peran para pihak sejak tahun 1977. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui terjadinya evolusi hak kepemilikan dan pendekatan kebijakan dalam keberlanjutan pengelolaan hutan mangrove. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan analisis kelembagaan (IAD) yang dikembangkan oleh Ostrom (1999). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa awal terjadinya evolusi dimulai pada tahun 1977-1990 dengan dorongan membaiknya harga udang di pasaran dunia dan kelembaman dalam organisasi pemerintah dalam pemberian ijin pembukaan udang tradisional dengan menebang hutan mangrove. Pada tahun 1991-1997 terjadi abrasi yang menenggelamkan tambak-tambak tradisonal yang telah bersertifikat. Adanya bencana abrasi mendorong ke perubahan kepemilikan berikutnya yaitu tidak ada kepemilikan (non-right ownerships). Pada tahun 1995 dan 1997 Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi bersama masyarakat melakukan rehabililitasi hutan mangrove. Adanya rehabilitasi dari pemerintah bersama masyarakat (organizational energy) tersebut mendorong suksesnya perkembangan mangrove sampai 700 ha. Lahan-lahan tambak yang pernah terabrasi muncul kembali pada tahun 1998-2004. Kemunculan kembali lahan tambak dan meluasnya hutan mangrove ke arah lautan serta kelembaman kelembagaan pengelolaan mendorong perubahan kepemilikan pada tahun 2005-2010. Transfer kepemilikan hutan mangrove seluas 700 ha kepada Universitas Lampung dari pihak Kabupaten Lampung Timur telah mengubah hak kepemilikan selanjutnya dengan tiga macam tipe kepemilikan yaitu 1) hak untuk memasuki dan memanfaatkan; 2) hak untuk mengelola; dan 3) hak untuk mengeluarkan yang tidak berhak.

Lampung Province is one province in Indonesia has deforestation for about 600 hactare in a year (Pusdaling, 2013). This leads to the decline of the quality and quantity of forest. That condition is inversely of Sukoharjo 1 Village Sukoharjo District Pringsewu Regency, the development in that village more than 200 hectar through the private forest development. The purpose of this research were to know the level of motivation farmers and the factors that influence the motivation farmers in managing private forest. The research was conducted on November 2014 in Sukoharjo 1 Village, Sukoharjo District Pringsewu Regency. The population in this research were the group of Ngudi Rukun with the number of 32 farmers, the method sampling of this research  used census. Analysis method which used in this research was descriptive quantitative, it aimed to know the level of farmers’ motivation by using the technique of determining likert, while to know the factors of influenced with the level of farmers’ motivation in managing forest community used ordinal regression test. Based on the research’s’ result, it can be known that farmers’ motivation are in high category (53,15%). The factors which influenced farmers’ motivation were age, revenue, farm experience, education, and the activities of farmer groups, extension activities and access of the information.Key words: private forest management, farmer motivation

The sustainability of mangrove forest management was required social capital.  Social capital wassociety capability  to made relation  each other and built the power that very important not only for economic life of the community but also other socialexistantion. This research aimed to know the social economiccharacteristic and social capital communities that managed and conserved the mangrove forest in Labuhan Maringgai district of East Lampung Regency.  The study used quantitative and qualitative analysis.  The method used  descriptive and scoring method. The results showed that social economic characteristic atMargasari village had much in common with the majority of Muara Gading Mas village and the social capital in Margasari dan Muara Gading Mas village community groups was low. Social capital group of mangrove in Margasari and Muara Gading Mas village were (a) group and network was low in 93% and 100%, (b) trust and solidarity was low in 85% and 76%, (c) aspects of collective and cooperative was low in 80% and 94%, (d) information and communications was minimum in 67% and low in 53%, (e) aspects of cohesion and inclusion was low in 63% and 94% and (f) actions of empowerment and political was low in 96% and 100%.  Keywords: social capital, social economic characteristic, mangrove forest, community group

Mangrove forest has physical, biological/ecological and social-economics functions. Mangrove forest at Pulau Pahawang Village, Marga Punduh, Subdistrict Pesawaran has many functions which causes many interest of actors. This research was aimed to identify and maping the role of actors interest. This research was conducted on August until October 2015, by using key informant namely agencies village, local communities, public figure, related department and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO).             The result showed that there was six important aspect namely the existence of the green belt, kind of variety (biodiversity), education facilities, fire wood, non-timber forest product, and tourist facilities. Pulau Pahawang Village has three quadrant matrix interest, quadrant subject has State Ministry of The Environment. Quadrant keyplayers has Department of Forestry and Estate Crops, Mangrove Protected Area Management Agency (BPDPM), and Mitra Bentala as NGOs. Quadrant crowd has Development Planning Agency in Sub-National Level, Land Agency, Department of Maritime and Fisheries Affairs, Regional House of Representatives, and local. Keyword : actor interest, mangrove forest, Pulau Pahawang, role of actor

Sustainable of mangrove forest management is a proper activity in land and forest product utilization at the coast area.  This activity is decent step to relieve mangrove ecosystem demage and preserve it.  The circumstances and the factors  influenced mangrove forest  still needs to be known for the continued in management.  The purposes of this study were to determine how the mangrove forest management and development strategy of mangrove forest management.  This study was conducted by interviewing the relevant agencies and key informans in the village of Pahawang island from January-April 2015.  Datas processing was analyzed by SWOT and descriptive.  Result showed that mangrove forest management  in  good enough with aggressive score (1,22 ; 0,73), which means this strategy gives priority to immediate action by exploiting chances and maintaining strength (growth oriented strategy).  Development strategy in the management have to support each other between relevant agencies, the managers, and society.  Besides, tracking mangrove development has to be conducted considering the good forest potentials, with the existence of village regulations, and good response from society towards this plan.  The strategy should be done by involving Mangrove Protected Area Management Agency and community to optimalize the development.  Sustainability of mangrove forest management, should be accompanied with the advanced knowladge of management.  Other priority development is by giving counseling, expert-accompanied training, and efficient technological development. Key words: SWOT, sustainability, strategy of development