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Background: The ability to close space efficiently in Orthodontics is of major clinical importance. Elastomeric power chain, coil spring, and tiebacks are commonly used in Orthodontics to achieve tooth movement during the closure of spaces. Many mouth rinses which are used by the patients to achieve good oral hygiene affect the properties of the material used during treatment resulting in force decay if they contain alcohol. Aim: To know the effect of mouth rinses containing different alcohol Concentrations on the force decay of retraction materials. Materials and Methods: A study was carried out to test the effect of alcohol exposure found in mouth rinses on orthodontic NiTi closing coils, elastomeric chains, and tie-back. A total of 135 specimens were divided into one control group and two test groups submerged in artificial saliva at 37⁰ C. Two test groups each of them exposed to different alcohol-containing mouthwashes (Listerine and Povidone-iodine) for 60 seconds twice a day and the control group were exposed only to deionized (DI) water for 28 days. Force measurements were taken at six-time points (initial, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days) using a digital force gauge. Results: The comparison between the tensile strength was made by digital force gauge and the p-value (≤ 0.05) for tensile strength was derived by ANOVA test, multiple comparisons, and Tukey’s correction. Significant force decay was seen in test groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Force degradation of retraction products used during orthodontic treatment was effected by mouth rinses containing alcohol.

A BSTRACT Background: The expatriate workers (foreign workers) come from various countries having different languages, cultures, and tradition to work in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA); here they adopt to local customs, traditions, and work ethics in this new environment. How they perceive their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is important for health-care provider for understanding and planning in patient management. The data of expat workers and their OHRQoL in KSA are meager; hence, assessment of OHRQoL among expatriate working population in Al Zulfi, Saudi Arabia was planned. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult expat working population of various nationalities who were working in Al Zulfi, KSA. The study sample comprised 600 adult expats. OHRQoL was analyzed by using 14-Item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire as instrument. Clinical examination for oral health status was carried out using decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and Oral Hygiene Index simplified (OHI-S). Student’s t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare data using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 20.0 with significance at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The age of the sample population ranged from 19 to 60 years. No significant difference was observed in oral health status among expats of different nationalities. Age and education were significantly related to OHRQoL as well as oral health status. The mean cumulative scores of OHIP-14 showed that expats from different nationalities had statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Overall the impact of OHRQoL was less among working expat population in Al Zulfi. Physical pain was the common dimension seen among all nationalities. Psychological discomfort and handicap dimensions of OHIP-14 were significant among the study sample.

TMJ disorders are a complication in itself. The orthodontic treatment is considered sometimes as a remedy for the TMJ disorders whereas other few times the same is considered as culprit. The common problems encountered in the clinical practice are Class II cases. Therefore the treatment plans for the cases are taken into consideration for the study. The main aim of the study is to determine, does Orthodontic treatment will cause TMD disorder or an remedy for TMD disorders.A Sample of 100 Patients between the age group of 10-22 yrs were taken for the Study, divided into two groups depending on the case and treatment plan. It was observed that during the course of the treatment patients of 1 st group that is Class II Div2 experience less pain and the severity was reduced this might me due to the forward displacement of mandible when the incisors weretorquedlabially so there was less compression on the retrodiscal tissue and hencethe pain was reduced.In group 2 Patients those subjected to Head gear experienced little pain.Thereby, the study enlightens about the relationship of orthodontics & TMJ disorders.

Background -Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) has been defined as "the absence of negative impacts of oral conditions on social life and a positive sense of dentofacial self-confidence. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, heterogeneous, neuropsychiatric anxiety disorder, characterized by the presence of either obsessions, compulsive rituals or more commonly both.Materials and Methods -A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in a Psychiatric clinic in University Medical Centre, Riyadh. The subjects were diagnosed with OCD by the consultant psychiatrist (investigator) through structured clinical interview using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). The subjects were given a questionnaire in their native language Arabic and consisted of demographic details and two scales, first scale is the OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile-14) measuring oral health related quality of life and the second YBOCS (Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale) to measure the severity of OCD.Results -the mean OHIP score for female was 1.60 SD 0.95 and for the male it was 1.48 SD 0.77, that 8% of subjects always had trouble pronouncing any words because of problems with their teeth, 36% had painful aching of the mouth some of the times, majority (56%) of the study subjects OCD were diagnosed as mild Conclusion -This study showed the moderate impact of oral health related quality of life among subjects with OCD. There was a significantly positive correlation between OHIP and OCD; also there was a significant correlation between obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.