Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is the most common cause of blindness among the working age group in the developed world and the fifth leading cause of global blindness. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 2.8% of all blindness is caused by DR. Studies addressing the patterns of DR and associated factors are scarce in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the Prevalence and associated factors of DR among DM patients attending University of Gondar (UOG), Tertiary Eye Care and Training center.Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2019 to February 2020 involving all consecutive diabetes patients who visited the center during the study period. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and data extraction check list, and entered into SPSS version 20 and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify predictors of DR. Statistical significance was determined with 95% confidence interval using odds ratio and p-values.Results: A total of 225 DM patients with mean age of 55.4 ± 13.5 years were studied, of whom 95 (42.2%) had DR. Duration of diabetes ≥ 6 years (AOR= 2.91: 95%CI; 1.01-8.35) and baseline age < 60 years (AOR= 3.2: 95%CI; 1.19 - 8.63) were significantly associated with DR. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with the form of therapy. Those on insulin (p=0.025), and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) with insulin combination (p=0.014) had statistically significantly associated with development of DR. Patients with systolic blood pressure of <140 mmHg were 3.6 times (AOR=0.28:95%CI:0.09-0.82) less likely to have DR. A majority of patients had Non-proliferative DR (NPDR) without diabetic macular edema (DME) (34.2%). DME and proliferative DR (PDR) were seen in 5.7% and 3.6% of the patients respectively. Vision threatening DR (VTDR) was seen in 10.7% of patients. There was significant association between age <60 years and VTDR (AOR=4.19: 95%CI; 1.23-14.35).Conclusion: The prevalence of DR among our study patients was very high. Longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure, baseline age < 60 years, use of insulin alone and use of combination of insulin with OHA were independently associated with DR. Health education; early screening and treatment are recommended.

Objective: Uveitis can potentially cause irreversible ocular damage and blindness and knowing its characteristic clinical features is essential in making an accurate diagnosis and starting early appropriate treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical presentations of uveitis at the University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training center, North-West Ethiopia.METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar tertiary eye care and training center from August 2017 to July 2018. Study patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation and relevant ancillary tests. Data was collected using a data extraction format and entered in to SPSS version 20 and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 105 eyes of 82 patients were studied. The mean age was 33.8±14.8 years (Range 7 to 80). Half of the participants (41/82) were in the age group between 19 and 39 years. Fifty three (65%) were male and uveitis was unilateral in 72%. Anterior uveitis was the commonest, 57%, followed by Intermediate uveitis 21.7%, pan uveitis 12% and posterior uveitis 10%. Twenty three percent of patients were bilaterally blind at presentation. Out of the 105 eyes involved with uveitis, 63% (66/105) were blind. Cataract was the commonest complication followed by ocular hypertension.CONCLUSION: This study showed that uveitis is prevalent in the working age group with significant number of blindness. Anterior uveitis was the commonest type of Uveitis and cataract was the commonest complication.