While prostatic abscesses infrequently occur in adults, they are extremely rare in children. We present a rare case of a prostatic abscess in a 13-year-old male patient caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The patient had no significant past history and presented to our clinic reporting a two-week history of lower abdominal pain, foul-smelling urethral discharge, a burning sensation during urination with pain in the tip of his penis, and itchiness around the anus. On examination, we noted lower abdominal tenderness, and on per rectal examination, we noted tenderness in the anterior wall of the rectum. A culture from the urethral discharge was positive for MRSA. The patient was diagnosed with a prostatic abscess and was started on antibiotics. We performed ultrasound-guided transrectal drainage, and afterward, the patient's condition improved. He was doing well on the last follow-up. This case reminds physicians to consider prostatic abscesses in patients with lower urinary tract infections that do not respond to antibiotics.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are a type of malignant tumors made up of small neuroectodermal-derived round cells that affect soft tissue and bone, with a wide range of clinical symptoms and histological commonalities depending on the site of the tumor. PNETs account for 4% of all pediatric and adolescent cancers. Here we report a case of a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in a five-year-old boy. Two days before admission, he complained of multiple attacks of vomiting and one episode of hematemesis, associated with subjective fever, abdominal pain, and distention. He also complained of weight loss and bruises on his face and lower extremities for the last four weeks. Upon physical examination, there was hepatomegaly to the right iliac fossa. Abdominal ultrasound showed that the liver is hugely enlarged with heterogeneous echo texture and smooth borders. A computed tomography scan with contrast showed hepatomegaly to the right iliac fossa region with no focal lesion. Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy showed heavy infiltration by monomorphic cells. Moreover, liver biopsy was done for this patient, and it showed metastatic undifferentiated neuroblastoma. Before the liver biopsy results, the patient deteriorated rapidly and dead. Therefore, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver masses in young patients to early diagnosis and treatment, and to increase the survival rate.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare form of the congenital disorder that leads to lung underdevelopment. It is more common in children and infrequently noticed in adulthood. While congenital lung abnormalities are frequently discovered in the early years of life, these conditions are also often detected incidentally following routine radiographic imaging and investigations. We report the case of a 1-year-old girl who presented to the emergency department with a three-day history of cough, shortness of breath, fever, and respiratory distress. Investigations revealed right lung hypoplasia, left lung hyperinflation, and an invisible pulmonary artery and vein. A diagnosis of right lung hypoplasia as an incidental finding with associated anomalies was made. She was admitted to the pediatric ward and received supportive care and empirical antibiotics. She was then discharged in a good condition with supportive management for follow-up. This case report aims to describe a rare condition occurring in children with various clinical pictures and presentations to aid future early detection to achieve better diagnostic outcomes.

A foreign body (FB) is an object or item that is foreign to the area in which it is found. FB in the airway, accompanied by the esophagus, is a common overnight emergency in pediatric otolaryngology. Here we report a case of a healthy 11-month-old girl who presented in the emergency room with stridor and a weak cry. The patient was admitted as a case of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) and treated with multiple antibiotics for more than five days but showed no improvement, then consulted the ear, nose, and throat team (ENT).