This study examines the micro enterprises of industrial sectors that receive Kredit Usaha Rakyat (People's Business Credit/KUR) or Commercial Credit (KK) in seven cities in East Java. Firstly, this study aims to measure the technical efficiency of micro enterprises in the industrial sector in East Java that accept KUR and KK using the Data Envelopment Analysis method; secondly, to examine the factors that influence the technical efficiency of micro enterprises, which receive KUR and KK with Tobit Regression. Unlike others' researches, this paper attempts to determine the influence of technical efficiency and other factors on the poverty status of micro entrepreneurs using logistic regression. The average technical efficiencies of KUR and KK recipient micro businesses using the assumptions of the DEA VRS model are 0.94 and 0.77. While the average technical efficiencies of KUR and KK recipient micro businesses using the assumptions of the DEA CRS model are 0.88 and 0.71. The factors that influence the technical efficiency of micro enterprises recipients of KUR and KK are profit, experience, geographical location, amount of credit, KUR access, the credit realization period, and dummy variable of food and beverage products. The factors that influence the poverty status of micro-entrepreneurs are technical efficiency, income, KUR access, gender, number of household member, and geographical location. The results of this research can be a material consideration for the government in formulating policies.

Revolusi industri 4.0. tidak hanya merubah model bisnis dan pola kompetisi tetapi juga merombak sistem ekonomi dan masyarakat serta membuat lingkungan ekonomi baru dimana teknologi digital memiliki peran di dalamnya. Perubahan yang terjadi semakin nyata disaat kondisi dunia yang dilanda pandemi Covid-19 yang berdampak pada seluruh sektor kehidupan manusia, tidak terkecuali pada sektor ekonomi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM pada masa pandemi COVID-19 adalah penurunan penjualan, permasalahan permodalan, distribusi terhambat, kesulitan bahan baku, produksi menurun hingga Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK). Tantangan bagi para pelaku UMKM juga semakin bertambah tatkala Pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) pada awal tahun 2020, Work From Home (WFH), School From Home (SFH), hingga Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) pada tahun 2021.

Poverty in East Java which is the highest in Indonesia with the number of poor people in the village more than in the city. This study aim to find out the efficiency of micro-enterprises in the agricultural sector who received Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) and Commercial Credit (KK) and how the influence of efficiency factors and other factors on the poverty of micro-enterprises in the agricultural sector in East Java. Results show that average technical efficiency of KUR and KK recipients based on the DEA model estimates and the assumption of variable return to scale (TE DEA-VRS) is 0.92 and 0.8. Whereas the average technical efficiency of KUR and KK recipients based on the CRS DEA model estimates is 0.84 and 0.6. And then factors that influence the poverty of agricultural micro-enterprises based on logistic regression estimates are dummy plantations, technical efficiency, income, KUR, gender, and location of houses significant to the poverty status of micro entrepreneurs at a significance level α = 0.1.

No abstract

The purpose of this research is to assess the level of technical efficiency of the Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) in Gresik, Bangkalan, Mojokerto, Surabaya, Sidoarjo, and Lamongan (Gerbangkertasusila), Indonesia, and to identify the factors that influence the level of technical efficiency of the Savings and Loans Cooperative in Gerbangkertasusila. Two Stage Analysis that used are Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit regression. Variables are used in the DEA as output, specifically the remainder of the cooperative’s business (SHU), whereas input includes the number of members, own capital, number of employees, and business volume. The second stage involves analyzing the determinants of technical efficiency using Tobit regression, with the independent variables being cooperative age, external capital, assets, and managers. The results showed that the average level of technical efficiency of the KSP was 60.4 percent, with 16 KSP being the most efficient. Meanwhile, the Tobit regression results show that simultaneously the variables have an influence on the level of technical efficiency of the KSP. Partially the cooperative age and external capital variables have no significant effect on savings and loan cooperatives, while asset and managers have a significant positive effect on the level of technical efficiency of savings and loan cooperatives.