Electrospinning, a simple and versatile method to fabricate nanofibrous supports, has attracted continuous attention in the field of enzyme immobilization. In this study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been successfully immobilized in PVA nanofibers via electrospinning of a mixture of AChE, BSA as an enzyme stabilizing additive and PVA. The maximum activity recovery of immobilized AChE was about 40%. In comparison with free enzyme, the immobilized AChE showed improved stability while retaining a considerable amount of activity at lower pH values. Moreover, the immobilized AChE retained >34% of its initial activity when stored at 30°C for 100 days and retained 70% of its initial activity after ten consecutive reactor batch cycles.

Our results indicated that ACE(rs4646994)-D allele alone and in the presence of VEGF(rs2010963)-G allele can be an important independent risk factor for susceptibility of CAD in T2DM patients even after correcting for conventional risk factors in a population of Iran.

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Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy in humans, and it is predicted that 145,600 new cases will be diagnosed in the United States by 2019. The bioactive properties of curcuminoids and their synthetic analogs, especially their performance with an anticancer approach in different cancer cell line models, are of interest. In vivo and in vitro studies show their anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, colorectal cancer cells of the Caco2 cell line were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS at 37°C and 5% CO2. After calculating the IC 50, the cells were exposed to logarithmic concentrations of curcumin (curcumin) 10, 100, and 500 µg/mL for 24 hours. Finally, the effect of the toxicity of materials and low-power laser combined with melanin was measured by the MTT assay test. Results: The changes in the survival rate of colorectal cancer cells show the effect of curcumin on cell proliferation that is completely dependent on concentration and time. Calculating the survival percentage of cancer cells after treatment with different concentrations for 24, 48, and 72 hours showed that the decrease in viable cells compared to the control sample was significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that the use of curcumin either alone or together with a low-power laser could improve the treatment efficiency against colon cancer. The present review highlights the mechanism of synergistic effect and new delivery methods to improve curcumin's therapeutic potential.

Background: The ability of anhydrobiotic to survive long periods of stress conditions is associated with high trehalose levels found in these organisms as a responsive mechanism against stress and adverse conditions. Many methods and factors function as determinant agents of trehalose production and preservation in yeasts. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of three parameters on trehalose synthesis, including temperature, rate of feed, and time of aeration. Methods: To induce trehalose production in baker's yeast, we used an experimental design method in an industrial fermenter at the Khuzestan Yeast Company. The investigation of temperature, rate of feed, and time of aeration parameters in our recipe design were also performed after the cessation of feeding molasses. Results: The findings showed that temperature had the greatest effect on the synthesis of trehalose. Moreover, the interaction of three parameters was significantly effective for the stimulation of trehalose synthesis. We could also make a gas production surge in the dough by increasing the level of trehalose. Conclusions: We conclude that controlling the temperature and taking advantage of the interaction between temperature, rate of feed, and aeration time can help achieve the most effective trehalose synthesis and ensuing gas production in the dough.