It has been shown that phase-locked cavities have a quantised transfer function (Jennison 1979) and that they account for the property of inertia (Jennison and Drinkwater 1977). The analysis in this paper shows that only half of the rest energy of a phase-locked cavity contributes actively to the inertial force. The moment of inertia of such a system about its own axis is only half that of a classical rigid body of the same total rest mass distributed in the same region of space. If a phase-locked cavity is used as a model of a fundamental particle then it is concluded that the particle is a fermion with a rest mass corresponding to its total rest energy.

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Ceramic composites consisting of two kinds of ferroelectric phases were prepared by adding small amounts (1∼5 wt%) of lead germanate (PGO) glass powder to PZT ceramic powders. The composite modified with the PGO glass had relatively large electromechanical coupling factor in comparison with the composite modified with Pb–B–Si glass. High piezoelectricity of the ceramic composite with PGO was due to ferroelectric phase changed from the paraelectric glass phase by crystallization. From a theoretical calculation of relative dielectric constant of the composite, PGO phase segregated locally between PZT grains at high firing temperature. In contrast, at low firing temperature the phase began to cover the PZT phase. As a result, this ceramic composite had large anisotropy between counter extensional mode and thickness longitudinal mode. Furthermore, low temperature sintering of the PZT ceramic composite was achieved by addition of small amounts of PGO glass powder, the melting point of which is comparatively low.

In a study of electroless indium plating with titanium trichloride as a reducing agent, indium film was directly deposited onto Pd-catalyzed aluminum substrate at a rate of 1.56mg • cm -2 • h -1 , and it was possible to continue plating by renewing the bath at 30minute intervals.

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