In recent years, distributed generation, as clean natural energy generation and cogeneration system of high thermal efficiency, has increased due to the problems of global warming and exhaustion of fossil fuels. Many of the distributed generations are set up in the vicinity of the customer, with the advantage that this decreases transmission losses. However, output power generated from natural energy, such as wind power, photovoltaics, etc., which is distributed generation, is influenced by meteorological conditions. Therefore, when the distributed generation increases by conventional control techniques, it is expected that the voltage change of each node becomes a problem. Proposed in this paper is the optimal control of distribution voltage with coordination of distributed installations, such as the load ratio control transformer, step voltage regulator (SVR), shunt capacitor, shunt reactor, and static var compensator. In this research, SVR is assumed to be a model with tap changing where the signal is received from a central control unit. Moreover, the communication infrastructure in the supply of a distribution system is assumed to be widespread. The genetic algorithm is used to determine the operation of this control. In order to confirm the validity of the proposed method, simulations are carried out for a distribution network model with distributed generation (photovoltaic generation).Index Terms-Centralized control, coordinated control, distribution system, genetic algorithm (GA), voltage/reactive power control.

This paper presents an output power smoothing method by a simple coordinated control of DC-link voltage and pitch angle of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The WECS adopts an AC-DC-AC converter system with voltage-source converters (VSC). The DC-link voltage command is determined according to output power fluctuations of the PMSG. The output power fluctuationsin low-and high-frequency domains are smoothed by the pitch angle control of the WECS, and the DClink voltage control, respectively. By using the proposed method, the wind turbine blade stress is mitigated as the pitch action in high-frequency domain is reduced. In addition, the DC-link capacitor size is reduced without the charge/discharge action in lowfrequency domain. A chopper circuit is used in the DC-link circuit for stable operation of the WECS under-line fault. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the numerical simulations.Index Terms-Permanent magnet synchronous generator, pitch control, power smoothing, wind energy conversion system.

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