Objective: This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with mortality in burn patients in order to develop a nomogram for predicting mortality that can be used as a guideline to treat major burn patients.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study done in Songhklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand. The study included major burn patients who were admitted to the burn unit or the intensive care unit between the years 2011 and 2018, and analyzed demographic data and significant factors associated with mortality.Results: A total of 127 major burn patients were treated during the study years, with a mean age of 33 years with an average total burn surface area (TBSA) of 43.5%. The most common cause of the burns was flame injury, and the most significant factors associated with mortality were TBSA >55.0%, blood creatinine >1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) and face involvement.Conclusion: The 3 significant burn-related factors of TBSA >55.0%, blood creatinine >1.2 mg/dL and face involvement can be used to predict mortality using the nomogram created in this study.

Background: Maxillofacial injury was usually found in low to middle countries moreover it commonly associated with brain injury, the major etiological factors are traffic collision, violence, and fall from hight. The incidence and etiology was important to developed treatment moreover to improve patient care in the future. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of the pattern of maxillofacial fracture in a patient with a traumatic head injury and to measure the incidence of the cause of injury, age, and gender distribution Methods: This is a retrospective study in Songhklanagarind hospital. We evaluate all patients who presented with a concomitant maxillofacial and traumatic head injury in Songklanagarind hospital between 2007 and 2016. Results: 859 patients consisting of 73.3% male and 22.7% female. The mean age was 39.5 years.The severity of the traumatic head injury was mild traumatic head injury 70.15%. Moreover the alcohol consumption was significantly related to a mild and severe traumatic head injury (P < 0.05). The most frequent was maxilla bone. 33.9% of patients were undergone the operation. Conclusion: In this retrospective study, the maxilla bone fracture was the most frequent site involved. The patients with mild traumatic head injury are related to the coronoid process of mandible, Le Fort fracture type II and type III, moderate traumatic head injury is only related to the coronoid process of mandible and severe traumatic head injury are related to Le Fort fracture type II and III. Keyword: traumatic head injury, maxillofacial fracture

Objective: Controlling infection and promoting healing should be the aims of hard-to-heal diabetic ulcer treatment, along with improving a patient's general condition and their blood sugar control. Many hard-to-heal diabetic ulcers present with cavities, tracks or a combination of these. There is a new biocellulose (with a nanosilver dressing) which has the ability to contour around and conform to the irregular surface of a wound bed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its efficacy compared with a silver sulfadiazine cream, for hard-to-heal diabetic ulcer treatment. Methods: In this randomised control trial, patients with hard-to-heal diabetic ulcers were divided into two equal-sized groups: treatment with the biocellulose with blue nanosilver (experimental group), and treatment with silver sulfadiazine cream group (control group). Cotton gauze was used as the secondary dressing for both groups. Demographic data, wound size, wound classification, wound photography and bacterial cultures were recorded at the beginning of the study. Wounds were debrided as necessary. Dressings were changed twice daily in the control group, and every three days in the experimental group. Results: A total of 20 patients took part in the study (10 patients in each group). The highest mean wound healing rates were 91.4% in the experimental group and 83.9% in the control group. No wound infections or adverse effects from the dressings were detected in either group. Conclusion: In this study, biocellulose with blue nanosilver adapted well to the wound bed. Wound reduction was greater in the experimental group than the control group. Biocellulose with blue nanosilver could therefore be a good choice for hard-to-heal diabetic ulcer treatment, due to its good healing rates and minimal care requirements.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic recurrence disorder of the folliculopilosebaceous units; the most common locations are the axillary, inguinal, inframammary, genital, or perineal areas. They are commonly characterized by recurrence inflammation and the development of sinus tract formations. Most causative pathogens are bacterial (Coagulase-negative staphylococci) or fungal. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce morbidity with good cosmetic results.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser for reducing hyperpigmentation and erythema and increasing pliability in skin grafts.Material and Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial. Half of each skin graft was treated with a Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser 4 times, and the other half was left untreated and collectively used as the controls. The treatment results were evaluated by clinical photographs, and assessment of the melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), and elasticity parameters at baseline and at 2 weeks after each session and 1 month after the final treatment.Results: Ten skin graft sites from 10 patients were included. Most patients had lesions at a lower extremity. After 4 sessions of treatment, average melanin index at the treated sites was non-significantly decreased compared to both baseline (p-value=0.232) and the untreated sites (p-value=0.770). The elasticity of the treated sites increased significantly when compared to baseline (p-value=0.039), but non-significantly when compared to the untreated sites (p-value=0.846). The EI at the treated sites non-significantly decreased compared to both baseline (p-value=0.432) and the untreated sites (p-value=0.164). Conclusion: This study found the Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment to be a potentially promising modality for increasing the pliability of skin grafts, but reductions in hyperpigmentation and erythema were only clinically significant.