(15 and 2.5%, respectively, p <0.001, for the former; 32.4 and 1.7%, respectively, p <0.001, for the latter). Conclusions: In this series, one third of microcarcinomas were multifocal and 10% had lymph node involvement. Therefore, the aggressiveness of these tumors is higher than what is reported in the literature and they should be treated with total thyroidectomy (Rev Méd Chile 2005; 133: 1305-10).

Thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent endocrine tumor, and the papillary carcinoma (PC) is the most common histological type. In the follow-up, after thyroidectomy serum thyroglobulin (s-Tg) is used as a marker to evaluate recurrence of thyroid carcinoma. In most cases, this parameter allows an adequate diagnosis, but occasionally s-Tg may miss the detection of a recurrence. We report a 57 year-old female and a 36 year-old male subjected to a total thyroidectomy for a papillary thyroid carcinoma with intermediate and high-risk of recurrence. Both had a cervical recurrence without a concomitant increase in s-Tg levels. In both, Tg staining was positive in the tumor cells. These cases confirm that in these patients, the follow-up must be done with measurement of s-Tg and complementary diagnostic tests.

Primary hyperparathyroidism. Surgical treatment Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTP) is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia in the ambulatory setting. This condition affects between 0.1-2% of the population. Surgery is the only curative treatment. Objective: The aim of the study is to present our 10-year surgical experience. Methods: Analyticaldescriptive study. We included all patients diagnosed with HPTP treated with surgery in our hospital between June 2003 and June 2013. Results: 173 patients underwent surgery for HPTP. The mean age was 57.5 ± 13.5 years. Asymptomatic in 98 cases (56.6%). Resection the abnormal parathyroid glands was performed in all cases with intraoperative PTH monitoring. In 167 patients (96.5%) intraoperative PTH declined ≥ 50%. The median follow-up was 61 months (1-117 months). Cure was achieved in 169 patients (97.7%). Four cases (2.3%) had recurrence. Conclusions: Surgery is effective and safe for the treatment of HPTP. A decline in intraoperative PTH ≥ 50% predicts cure in 97.7% of cases.

Survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer according to pathological types of tumors (56.4 and 11.4 months, respectively, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Patients with metastatic BC at diagnosis often had HER2 positive tumors and high HG. As in other studies, ER positive tumors had a better survival. (Rev Med Chile 2014; 142: 428-435)

Radiotherapy was well tolerated and had excellent local control. Screening mammography detects small tumors. Survival is excellent for early stage breast cancer.