Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de melhoramento e a divergência genética de nove cultivares tropicais de milho-pipoca. A divergência genética foi estimada por meio da técnica de análise multivariada e as cultivares foram agrupadas com base na distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (DGM), utilizando o método de otimização de Tocher e a dispersão gráfica. Com produtividade de grãos acima de 3 t/ha, destacaram-se as cultivares CMS 43, IAC 112, Viçosa, CMS 42 e Branco, e com índices de capacidade de expansão acima de 24 (v/v), as cultivares IAC 112, RS 20 e Zélia. As estimativas da DGM indicaram (RS 20 e Beija-flor) e (Rosa-claro e RS 20) os pares de cultivares mais distantes geneticamente, e (IAC 112 e Viçosa) e (Branco e CMS 42), os pares mais similares. Foram identificados três ou quatro grupos divergentes dependendo do método de agrupamento. Para o melhoramento de milho-pipoca, as cultivares com maiores potenciais são RS 20, Zélia, IAC 112 e Beija-flor. As cultivares apresentam divergência genética.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, seleção, análise multivariada, método de melhoramento. Potential to breeding and genetic divergence in popcorn cultivarsAbstract -The objective of this paper was to evaluate the potential of breeding and genetic divergence in nine tropical popcorn cultivars. The genetic divergence was estimated using multivariate analysis techniques and the cultivars were grouped based in Mahalanobis' generalized distance (MGD), using Tocher's optimization and graphic dispersion. The best cultivars concerning the yield grain above 3 ton/ha were CMS 43, IAC 112, Viçosa, CMS 42 and Branco, and to popping expansion above 24 (v/v) were IAC 112, RS 20 and Zélia. The estimates of MGD indicated the pairs genetically more distant (RS 20, Beija-flor) and (Rosa-claro, RS 20) as well as pairs genetically more similar (IAC 112, Viçosa) and (Branco, CMS 42). Tree or four genetic divergences groups were formed depending on the method. To popcorn breeding, cultivars with best potential are RS 20, Zélia, IAC 112, and Beija-flor. The cultivars show genetic divergence.Index terms: Zea mays, selection, multivariate analysis, breeding methods.baixo acamamento e quebramento das plantas, a alta resistência às doenças e às pragas, a alta capacidade de expansão e boas características organolépticas como maciez, sabor, aroma e cor da flor da pipoca (Alexander & Creech, 1977).A capacidade de expansão (CE) dos grãos de milho é a característica mais importante para o consumidor e pode ser definida como a relação entre o volume de pipoca e o volume de grãos ou ainda a relação entre o volume de pipoca e o peso de grãos (Alexander & Creech, 1977). Quanto maior a capacidade de expansão, melhor é a qualidade da pipoca. A capacidade de expansão pode atingir o índice de 45 em cultivares americanas (Sawazaki, 1996). E-mail: glauco@ufv.br, coimbrarr@bol.com.br, becofc@bol.com.br, vagnosouza@bol.com.br, lauroguimaraes@bol.com.br, vazdemelo@bol.com.br IntroduçãoNo melhoramento de milho-pipoca, os interesses d...

The development of successful advanced lines and cultivars in maize is dependent on parental selection and assignment to deWned heterotic groups. So, the objectives of this study were to evaluate genetic variability and identify heterotic groups among Brazilian popcorn varieties. Thus, diallel crosses of advanced generations of the popcorn hybrids, IAC 112 and Zélia, and of three open-pollinated popcorn varieties, RS 20, Branco, and SAM were performed. Ten hybrid combinations, the Wve parents, and Wve check treatments were arranged in a block design with four replicates in two tropical-zone locations (CWb climate). Both additive and non-additive eVects were important for grain yield, plant height, ear height, and husk cover. For popping expansion, only the additive eVects were important. Hybrid combinations between the local variety (Branco) and F 2 populations (IAC 112 and Zelia) resulted in the third and fourth highest values for popping expansion. The best grain yields were obtained with hybrid combinations involving SAM. Cultivars Zélia, IAC 112, and RS 20 increased popping expansion, whereas cultivar Branco increased grain yield of hybrid combinations. The following conclusions may be drawn: Brazilian popcorn populations have reduced heterosis and genetic variability to popping expansion in relation commercial cultivars; there is genetic variability among Brazilian popcorn populations that allows the exploitation of additive and nonadditive eVects for grain yield; it is possible to increase grain yield by using local varieties; but it would be diYcult to obtain commercial hybrids from local varieties because they have poor performance for popping expansion.

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Resumo - Palavras-chave -Glycine max (L.). Melhoramento-genético. Interação genótipos-ambientes.Abstract -In order to evaluate the performance of soybean cultivars, three essays were carried out at Formoso do Araguaia, TO,Brazil, in the inter-cropping 2007 (15/05, 30/05 and 12/06). The experimental design employed was a randomized blocks with ten treatments and tree replications. The treatments were composed by ten soybean cultivar (DM Nobre, NIDERA In 7002, DM 247, DM 309, DM 339, M-SOY 8411, M-SOY 8914, M-SOY 8866, M-SOY 9350 and FT 106). In evaluating the performance of cultivars, a study was conducted of adaptability and stability by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and centroid. The average grain yield varied from 1023 kg ha -1 (15/05) to 1234 kg ha -1 (12/06), with a general average of 1142 kg ha -1 . Based on the classification obtained by the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and centroid, the cultivars DM Nobre, NIDERA In 7002, M-SOY 9350 and M-SOY 8914, were promising for the cultivation under conditions of intercropping. There was agreement among the methods on the classification of genotypes.

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