Background Increasingly, there has been recognition that siloed approaches focusing mainly on human health are ineffective for global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) containment efforts. The inherent complexities of AMR containment warrant a coordinated multisectoral approach. However, how to institutionalize a country’s multisectoral coordination across sectors and between departments used to working in silos is an ongoing challenge. This paper describes the technical approach used by a donor-funded program to strengthen multisectoral coordination on AMR in 11 countries as part of their efforts to advance the objectives of the Global Health Security Agenda and discusses some of the challenges and lessons learned. Methods The program conducted a rapid situational analysis of the Global Health Security Agenda and AMR landscape in each country and worked with the governments to identify the gaps, priorities, and potential activities in multisectoral coordination on AMR. Using the World Health Organization (WHO) Joint External Evaluation tool and the WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations (2005) Capacities as principal guidance, we worked with countries to achieve key milestones in enhancing effective multisectoral coordination on AMR. Results The program’s interventions led to the achievement of key benchmarks recommended actions, including the finalization of national action plans on AMR and tools to guide their implementation; strengthening the leadership, governance, and oversight capabilities of multisectoral governance structures; establishing and improving the functions of technical working groups on infection prevention and control and antimicrobial stewardship; and coordinating AMR activities within and across sectors. Conclusion A lot of learning still needs to be done to identify best practices for building mutual trust and adequately balancing the priorities of individual ministries with cross-cutting issues. Nevertheless, this paper provides some practical ideas for countries and implementing partners seeking to improve multisectoral coordination on AMR. It also demonstrates that the WHO benchmark actions, although not intended as an exhaustive list of recommendations, provide adequate guidance for increasing countries’ capacity for effective multisectoral coordination on AMR in a standardized manner.

The study has revealed the challenges and opportunities of grocery business in Rangpur City Corporation in Bangladesh. Seventy individual shop-keepers from seven different areas in Rangpur City Corporation have been selected following stratified random sampling technique and the first-hand information has been collected from the selected respondents using structured questionnaire for rigorously study with due diligence. Empirical findings have revealed that the age of most of the shop business is within the range of five to ten years and the average growth rates of sales and profit are very insignificant and in both the case it is below 10 percent. On the whole, the shop business is not doing. The research finding disclose a long list of hurdles that stand in the way to healthy growth of these highly popular business segment where about 0.75 percent of the citizens are depending for their livelihood. Among the bottlenecks, shortage of capital and severe compaction are the leading causes. Therefore, the study recommends for easy access to the bank credit with a very low rate of interest and lenient terms for sustainable growth in grocery business and welfare of the tiny businessmen as well as their family members and dependents.

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This research paper depicts the intention & effectuation of data analysis tools. Many tools & database schemes employ the decision making procedure. The heightening processing proficiencies are more potent analytical tool [4]. There are a number of data psychoanalysis tools that any organization should conceive a data warehouse, which can be the vital analytic tool for increasing the organization's investment funds in the information it has accumulated and stored during the monitor. In this work we formulated various tools, which can be employed as the analytical applications. Package managers need to understand the rationale and importance of data warehouses because they may need to design and implement [2]. More generally, data warehouse is a collection of decision support engineering's, aimed at enabling the knowledge worker, such as executive, manager, and analyst, to reach better and quicker decisions. Business metadata may also assists as documentation for the data warehouse/business intelligent system. Users who graze the data warehouses are mainly viewing the business metadata. The data warehouses are furnished for storage, functionality and reactivity to queries beyond the capacities transaction oriented databases. Data warehousing are using many psychoanalysis tool. In this paper we employ online analytical tools with excel. It's furnishes functionality, reusability of these tools increased the application's reliability, analysis proficiencies & reduced the cost/time of application [1]. In this research paper employ Online Analysis Tools in Excel Spreadsheets. Because it instruments have unlimited techniques. Whatever you can generate report any manner. This tool prefers it because we can do online and offline. If any organizations use this tool easily actuates reports. The data warehouse must hold all our information. Restate the problem in quantifiable terms, like "The data warehouse must handle the current 30 GB of information including all metadata and repeated data with an expected 30% growth per year".

Dhaka, a low laying city in the world’s most extensive delta system, is rapidly grabbing its mandatory natural landscape into the built-up area. This deltaic city’s water resources once played an essential role in structuring settlement patterns and keeping the overall hydrological, ecological, and environmental equilibrium. Eastern Fringe, the crucial natural, spontaneous territory of the Dhaka Metropolitan Area (DMA) to prevent the city’s flooding problems and environmental degradation, is rapidly converting from traditional homestead to urbanised land. The city’s present development activities for this part and the entire city do not respect this profound geo-morphological nature of the territory or consider the traditional land-water relationship with the settlement. This paper will analyse the land-use conversion in the study area, focusing on the land-water interface to identify the natural landscaped change for the built-up area. The article will first elaborate on the study area's enriched land-water system and its local integration in the land-water interface. It will also explain the importance of natural land-water resources for the city’s hydro-ecological. Finally, through ArcGIS and Google Earth Image analysis, it will discover the rapid loss of natural land-water resources, its process of conversion and associated environmental degradation due to land-cover alteration in the focus area. This paper will give the importance to reinstall the traditional land-water relationship in the rapidly growing urban areas to check environmental degradation.