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Delayed sternal closure is a safe and simple method for treating bleeding, arrhythmia and myocardial edema following on pump cardiac surgery. It is anticipated that as cardiac surgeons become more familiar with the technique of delayed sternal closure, the frequency of its use following on pump cardiac surgery may increase.

A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Angioneogenesis, which plays significant roles in a variety of physiological processes such as embryonic growth and wound healing, is strictly delimited and is finely tuned by a balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. This study was conducted to investigate the angioneogenic effect of interleukin-8 (IL-8) administered intramuscularly. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were included in this study. A total daily dose of 4 micrograms (1 mcg/kg) of IL-8 was administered into the left (Group A) and saline solution into the right (Group B) gluteus maximus muscles of 6 rabbits for 6 days. The remaining 6 rabbits constituted the sham group (Group C). Gluteal muscle samples were obtained from injection sites in all groups and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically by using streptavidin biotin method with CD31 antibody. Avidin-biotin peroxidase method (LSAB) was used as secondary and binding antibody. Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) was used as chromogenic substance. In immunohistochemical staining with CD31, vascular channels covered with brown stained cells or cell clusters were considered and were counted as vascular network. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Three subjects in Group A and one subject in Group B displayed findings of large muscle necrosis and regeneration. Vascular channel score was significantly higher in Group A (p=0.032) (Group A; median=12.5, min=6, max=16. Group B; median=5, min=4, max=13. Group C; median=4.5, min=4, max=13.) than in the other groups. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : IL-8 chemokine family seems to stimulate angioneogenesis in rabbit skeletal muscles. This result is promising in terms of the possible therapeutic potential of IL-8. Daily administration at a dose of around 1 mcg/kg caused local tissue necrosis, hence use of alternative routes such as intraarterial administration must be investigated to avoid such complications. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Angioneogenesis; interleukin-8; skeletal muscle Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Embriyonik büyüme ve yara iyileşmesi gibi bir dizi fizyolojik süreçte önemli rol oynayan anjiyogenez, proanjiyojenik ve antianjiyojenik faktörlerin birbirlerinden kesin çizgiler ile dengelenmesiyle ayrılmış ve hassas şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, intramusküler olarak uygulanan interlökin-8 (IL-8)'in anjiyoneogenetik etkisini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışmada on iki adet Yeni Zelanda cinsi beyaz tavşan kullanıldı. Altı gün boyunca altı tavşanın sol gluteusuna 1 mcg/kg'dan toplam 4 mikrogram IL-8 (Grup A), sağ gluteusuna serum fizyolojik (Grup B) enjeksiyonu uygulandı. Diğer altı tavşan kontrol grubu idi (Grup C). Enjeksiyon uygulanan bölgelerden alınan gluteal kas örnekleri, Hemotoksilen-Eozin ve Streptavidin-biotin yöntemi kullanılarak CD31 antikoru ile immünohistokimyasal olarak boyandı. Avidin-biotin peroksidaz metodu (LSAB) ikincil ve bağla...

Purpose: To determine to what extent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects mortality and morbidity rates in patients treated with off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).Methods: A total of 321 patients treated with off-pump CABG were included in the present study. Of the 321 patients, 46 patients had COPD and they were designated as Group 1 and the remaining 275 patients did not have COPD and they were considered as Group 2. We compared the data obtained from the patients in both groups.Results: While preoperative spirometry values and arterial blood gas oxygen saturation levels were significantly lower, the partial values of carbon dioxide were higher in Group 1. Likewise, extubation time, the amount of drainage and blood transfusion, inotropic support, prolonged intubation, pulmonary complications, the use of bronchodilators, and steroids were statistically higher in Group 1 when compared with Group 2. Overall, there was no marked difference between the two groups in terms of mortality incidence.Conclusion: We found similar morbidity and mortality rates among the patients with COPD and without COPD when they were treated with off-pump CABG. Therefore, the present results indicate that the presence of COPD is not associated with in-hospital mortality or severe morbidity post-CABG by off-pump approach.