Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon disease with an unknown cause. The gold standard for a definite diagnosis is positive CD1a/CD207 and S100. The incidence rate of this disease is very low. We present a case of LCH in our paper and discuss its differential diagnosis and treatment.

Fibrolipoma is a variant of lipoma that is relatively uncommon in the mouth tissues, especially the attached gingiva. It is diagnosed by histopathologic and immunohistochemistry evaluation and treated by total excision. A case of a patient with attached gingiva fibrolipoma, treated by surgical excision under local anesthesia is reported.

Lipoma is a rare benign tumor. Fibrolipoma, a variant of lipoma, is relatively uncommon in mouth tissues. Among all benign lesions of oral cavity, the approximate incidence rate of lipoma is 1%-4%, with a prevalence rate of about 0.0002%.Fibrolipoma is an extremely rare subtype of lipoma, especially in the attached gingiva. This subtype accounts for 1.6% of all facial lipomas, with a prevalence rate of 1/5000 adults in the oral and oropharyngeal region. It is diagnosed by histopathologic and immunohistochemistry evaluation and treated by total excision. Due to the adhesion to the surrounding tissues and pseudo-infiltrating characteristics of this lesion, it can get mistaken with malignant lesions; therefore, a histological examination is mandatory. In this paper, a case of a patient with attached gingiva fibrolipoma treated by surgical excision is reported. This case report is about a 26-year-old female patient in Shiraz School of Dentistry with a fibrolipoma of attached gingiva. Because of fibrolipoma's growth tendency, adhesion to the surrounding tissues, and specific histological characteristics, its differential diagnosis with malignant infiltrating tumors is important. Surgical excision is the gold standard for treatment. Accurate differential diagnosis, careful histological examination, and periodic follow-up are essential.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon proliferative disease with an unknown cause. Its clinical manifestations vary and can involve a variety of organs. To diagnose LCH, radiographs, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings are essential. The gold standard for a definite diagnosis is positive CD1a/CD207 and S100 in the immunohistochemical results. Different treatment plans are available for patients struggling with LCH. To our knowledge, the LCH incidence rate is about 8.9 in one million children and 1–2 cases in one million adults. Our case shows the importance of early diagnosis of this rare condition for the prevention of any further spreading. This case report is about a 35‐year‐old male patient struggling with diabetes insipidus with a chief complaint of tooth mobility. Based on his X‐ray radiographs, osteolytic lesions were found. A biopsy was performed, and due to histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, it was diagnosed as a case of LCH in adults. This paper shows that although the incidence rate of LCH is rare in adults, dealing with a patient struggling with diabetes insipidus and osteolytic bone lesions with an unknown cause, LCH must be taken into consideration. Due to the fact that LCH's first manifestations are mostly first oral, its good prognosis in the early stages, and if it progresses, it can turn fatal, it is important that dentists are aware of this disease, its clinical manifestations, and patient management. In case of suspicion, X‐ray examination, biopsy, histopathological, and immunohistochemical exams must be performed.