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ABSTRACT Objective: Root canal irrigation is very important for successful root canal treatment. During this procedure, root dentin and periapical tissues are in contact with irrigation solutions. These solutions should ideally remove pulpal tissues without damaging the oral tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 7 different irrigation solutions (Rocanal, BioPure MTAD, SmearClear, chlorhexidine gluconate, EDTA, hydrogen peroxide, NaOCl) on the viability of human osteoblastic cell lines (SaOS-2). Methods: The tested solutions were diluted with culture medium and prepared in 6 different concentrations (1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, and 1:32). SaOS-2 cells were exposed to all concentrations of irrigation solutions, respectively (n = 12). Cell culture medium without test material was used as a control group. Cell viability was evaluated with the MTT cytotoxicity test. The cell viability of the control group was equal to 100%, and the data were statistically evaluated by One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's HSD tests. Results: All tested solutions had cytotoxic effects on SaOS-2 cells at all concentrations (P < 0.05). There was difference in percentage between the cell viability values of the materials (P