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Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by various serotypes of Enterovirus genus. Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) were known to be the only responsible agents for these epidemics; however, this opinion was challenged after the detection that coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) was the responsible species for the outbreak in Finland in 2008. HFMD is frequently seen in Turkey, and no detailed study on its clinical and microbiological epidemiology has previously been reported. The present study addresses this question. Twenty-seven patient samples collected between 2015 and 2017 were included in the study. Typing was conducted by RT-PCR and the sequencing applied directly to patient’s samples and as well as to the viral cultures with pan-enterovirus and serotype-specific primers. The presence of Enterovirus in 12 of 27 HFMD samples was shown with RT-PCR. The causative agent for three of these 12 samples was CV-A16, one of the most frequent two serotypes around the world, and the remaining nine samples was CV-A6. The findings of the study are relevant since it pertains to the molecular epidemiology of HFMD in Turkey, a gateway country where different serotypes might be circulating and transmitted. The findings also support the notion that CV-A6 cases are rising in number, which has caused more severe clinical features and widespread rashes in recent outbreaks.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia patients, and also predict factors affecting the severity of the disease.Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center study. Hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients aged over 18 years between March 19 th 2020, and May 19 th 2020 were included in the study. The demographic, and clinical characteristics of patients, and factors associated with severe COVID-19 were analyzed. Mul-ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pnömonili hastalarının özelliklerini ve aynı zamanda hastalığın şiddetini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız tek merkezli, retrospektif bir çalışmadır. Çalışmaya 19 Mart -19 Mayıs 2020 tarihlerinde hastanede yatan, 18 yaş ve üstü, COVID-19 pnömonili hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik, klinik özellikleri ve şiddetli COVID-19 ile ilişkili faktörler analiz edildi. Şiddetli COVID-19'u öngören faktör-Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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