With the increasing density of built spaces in urban areas, the need for open spaces increases every day. Squares are one of the most important of these open spaces. Urban squares allow various activities and exhibit functional differences based on location and culture. The diversity of activities conducted in squares is extremely important for the quality and viability of liveable urban spaces. Urban residents prefer spaces that are suitable for individual requirements and desires and allow for a variety of activities. These spaces also contribute to social life. This article aimed to determine the user profile, occupancy, facilities and activity diversity at the Atatürk Plaza (Trabzon urban square) in Trabzon, the capital city of Trabzon Province, Turkey. The occupants of the square and their numbers were analysed via the behaviour observation method. As a result of the observations conducted in the square over one year, 17 activities were identified. The majority of these activities were necessary activities and that the most common activity was walking. The occupancy density and distribution in the square were analysed using the Geographical Information System (GIS). These research findings and analyses could serve as a guide for future urban square and urban open space designs.

Not just watched, a work of art can be experienced in transforming spaces. Living in concrete works of abstract art, also strengthens the link between the past and the present. Thus, while the art works are introduced to people, everyone will be informed about the works and the artist. Everyone, including those who can't afford art Works will be provided spaces transformed into them. This approach is applied for three hours a week in the 14-week Design Detail course at KTU, Department of Landscape Architecture. 16X3 works by Paul Klee, Wassily Kandisky and Johannes Itten were selected by the instructor. Every student selected one of them to study. The basic approach required from the students was to design functionally suitable and sensitive spaces just in accordance with the design elements of these works. Firstly, a space reading was conducted with each student. Later, transitions began from two-dimensional works to three-dimensional spaces. At last, starting with the works of art, the students designed children's play grounds, festival areas, coastal parks, urban open spaces, rural open spaces, labyrinths and walls. The study provided all students useful knowledge about Bauhaus school of art and architecture and philosophy, its three distinguished artists, and their forty-eight works and understanding of art. Therefore, this approach interpreting art works and the art is considered to be important for the education of qualified landscape architectures and the creation of a qualified and liveable environment.

The concept of wayfinding includes understanding the space and finding direction within the space. But as cities and architectural spaces grow and become more complex, visitors and locals of the sapce can find it difficult to find direction. For these reasons, for visitors who speak different languages, along with these elements, there is a need for well-designed information and direction-finding graphics and landmarks that have a universal quality. The aim of the study is to explain the concepts of wayfinding and way-finding, defined as "direction-finding" in the literature and to create awareness. Furthermore, to analyze the concept of wayfinding and the direction designs that aim to transform the cities that have become complex into more understandable spaces, through the city of Trabzon and to examine the problems of the city in this context and to make suggestions. In this study, Trabzon will be evaluated with the concepts of legibility and directability and the direction and information designs over the focal point, regions, edges, nodes, roads with which Kevin Lynch have defined the imageable, readable city. A survey was conducted to investigate the spatial information elements and legibility of Trabzon city. Furthermore, to create awareness for other cities with similar problems.

The landscape term is a concept that defines areas within a frame of view with a very general expression. All living and non-living beings in these areas constitute the elements of the landscape. In short, landscape is a whole of these elements. From this point of view, the natural and cultural resource values of the cities constitute the important landscape values of the city. These values of the city reflect their identity, differences from other cities and their originality and locality. The promotion, development and preservation of these values in order to own the cities are extremely important for the sustainability of the cities and their transfer to future generations. At the same time, the existence of these values will contribute to the city and its citizens both culturally and economically. However, today it is observed that cities are becoming more and more similar with the effect of globalization. This leads to the identification of cities. In this study; we aimed to reveal the importance of the natural and cultural landscape values of the cities. In this context, the sources of the cities and how they were evaluated were investigated both national and international examples. In addition, the natural and cultural landscape values of the cities of Trabzon and Edirne, which is more known for its natural values; in terms of their contribution to protection, use and urban identity, and recommendations were made. As a result, it has developed strategies to bring these values to the forefront based on similar examples from both the cities of Trabzon and Edirne the national and international qualifications.. TrabzonEdirne Kentin rekreatif etkinlikler için öne çıkan bölgesi Meydan, % 22,5 Yaylalar, % 18,75 Sahil, % 17,50 Diğer, % 41,25 Karaağaç, % 35 Söğütlük, % 22,5 Sarayiçi, % 20 Diğer, % 22,5 Kentin sosyal etkinlikler için öne çıkan bölgesi KTÜ, %36,5 Meydan, %34,6 İpekyolu Fuar alanı, %11,5 Yaylalar, % 9,6 Zağnos Vadisi %,3,8 Sahil, % 3,8 Sarayiçi, % 39,29 Saraçlar Caddesi, % 21,43 Karaağaç, % 35,71 Ayşekadın Bölgesi, % 3,57 Kentin öne çıkan yaya alışveriş sokağı Uzun Sokak %86,5 Kunduracılar Caddesi, %11,5 Kemeraltı, %1,9 Saraçlar Caddesi, % 96,7 Ayşekadın Bölgesi, %3,3

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