The outbreak of the deadly virus namely nipah virus has been first discovered in Malaysia in 1988. The later outbreaks were recorded in Bangladesh and India. The natural host of this virus is found to be fruit bats. From the fruit bats the virus gets transferred to fruits and vegetables and animals also. Mainly pigs are the ones which easily get infected due to the virus. The fatality rate is very high due to this virus. No vaccine has been yet developed which can cure human infection. In this article the development of nipah virus from 1998 to 2018 is studied and current developments, preventive measures have been studied in order to prevent the future outbreaks.

The objective of the study was to develop a mathematical model for predicting the disintegration time of fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) by estimating the powder characteristics of powder blend prior to compression. A combination of chitosan-alginate complex and glycine in the ratio of 50:50 was used for preparing FDTs. The developed mathematical model allowed water sorption time (WST), effective pore radius (R(eff.p)) and swelling Index (SI) of powder mixture as well as tablet crushing strength to be successfully correlated with disintegration time (DT) of FDTs. The predicted model showed that disintegration time of FDTs to be directly correlated with powder characteristics and inversely correlated with tablet crushing strength. Furthermore, a correlation of 0.97 was obtained when DT of FDTs was compared with SI/(WST * R(eff.p)). This correlation was not affected by inclusion of water soluble (ondansetron hydrochloride or metaclopramide hydrochloride) or water insoluble (domperidone) drugs in the powder blend or FDTs. These observations indicated the versatility of the mathematical model in predicting the disintegration time of FDTs by evaluating the selected characteristics of the powder blends without actually preparing the FDTs.

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The outbreak of zika virus belonging to the flavivirus genus was first reported in 1947 in the monkey species in Uganda. Then it was first isolated from the Aedes mosquito’s species. Recent outbreaks have been reported in India also. The main host of the virus is humans like all other flaviviruses. Although the fatality rate is not so high but the effects are seen majorly on the fetus when pregnant women gets infected. No perfect treatment or vaccine has been developed yet to treat the disease. In India also few cases are now being reported and it shows that the outbreak of the virus is just not limited to Brazil and America but now also to Asian countries as well and gradually worldwide its infection will spread through. This article deals with the development of the zika virus from 1947 to 2018 and the preventive measures in order to prevent future outbreaks have been considered.

In today’s era and age, the identity of the individual is described by society’s opinion and accordingly that plays a very important role in today’s world, but few individuals don’t bother about society’s opinions and live their life according to their own choices, those individuals are called others. We may think that third-gender people are getting equal rights by our Constitution but in the end, we all know that they are not treated equally by our society. Many problems have been solved and many are to be solved, Different courts have given judgements concerning protecting the rights and dignity of the third Gender persons, but there are some loopholes in the society i.e., they are not able to avail themselves of their rights even after they have been granted. The case played an important role in the context of preserving or attaining the rights of the third gender persons. The Fundamental Rights portion of the Constitution guarantees protection to all persons, with some rights reserved for citizens exclusively. The COI does not create any more distinctions between the rights holders after this classification.