This study analyzed the cyber warfare impact on national security and focusing on Malaysia experiences. The issues regarding cyber warfare have become a serious concern since it was a risk of national security in Malaysia. The objectives of the study are to analyze issues related to cyber warfare that affected Malaysian system security, to determine causes that caused to cyber warfare. This study used a qualitative research approach to evaluate the current defense approaches related to cyber warfare in Malaysia. The interviews were conducted with the respective respondents: the Senior Manager, Research Management Centre, Strategic Research, and Advisory Department of Cyber Security Malaysia Department. This study can contribute to expanding the security of national security by demanding the government to adopt a broad acquisition risk management strategy. It can assist in the development of highly effective aggressive and defensive methods to any company dealing with future cyber warfare challenges and risk.

This study aims to identify the issues, challenges, practices, and research agenda of low-carbon warehousing that the manufacturing industry faces in the low-carbon era. The debate on managing low-carbon and sustainable warehousing has gained popularity. Managing energy consumption and carbon emission in the warehouse has become a critical success factor towards low-carbon practices. Semi-structured, in-person interviews and phone conversations were used to gather the information for this study. The convenience sampling technique was used. The results showed that the internal challenges, such as financial constraint, perceived knowledge in low-carbon warehouses, and the top management support were the frequently highlighted domains. The findings revealed that organisational support, international standards certification, local authorities, and customer pressure were key success factors in implementing low-carbon warehouse practices. The companies have taken proactive measures to address the best practice of low-carbon warehouses.