Aim: To study risks to public health of particular matter components in the atmospheric emissions of multifuel power plants (MPP). Methods: The study was performed on the territory of the Kirov region in the area of atmospheric emissions of the multifuel power plants. We ranked the chemicals included in the composition of atmospheric emissions from MPP by the level of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk and modeled dispersion of emissions of MPP plants and estimation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Results: Three typical scenarios of the fuel balance of MPP for 17 years of observation were identified: I - the share of solid fuel more than 50 %, II - the share of solid fuel less than 20 % and III, characterized by an increase in the share of solid fuel in the fuel balance to 30 %. During the implementation of scenario I, the carcinogenic risk (CI 95 %) was 3.8x10-4 - 4.8x10-4 for the population of the area with the highest pollution level, non-carcinogenic risk was 2.37-2.96, there was an increase in the frequency of hospital admissions and mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system and respiratory organs. In the transition to scenario II, there was a decrease in the level of carcinogenic risk to 1.4x10-4 - 1.7x10-4 and non-carcinogenic risk to 0.85-1.05, a decrease in the frequency of hospital admissions and mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system and respiratory organs. Conclusions: Changes in the fuel balance of multi-fuel CHP are associated with a significant influence on the level of health risk. Highlighting areas of increased risk for population health in the areas adjacent to MPP is recommended.

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In the article, research materials on studying of influence of atmospheric emissions of the city industry and the power stations on health of adult population in Kirov have been given. It has been established that in the districts of distribution of industrial enterprises and power stations and on the territories influenced by their atmospheric emissions, a statistically significant high level of prevalence of illnesses of the circulation system, respiratory organs, skin and skin structure, genitourinary system, neoplasms has been registered in comparison with the control district (p < 0.05). A statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in the death rates from illnesses of the circulation system, the respiratory organs, malignant neoplasms has been detected. Among the controlled atmospheric air pollutants on the studied territory, the leading etiological and pathogenic factor was the power stations’ flying ash dust.

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promise and economic desirability of use of a new source of raw material, olivinites of the weathering crust of the overburden of the Kovdor Vermiculite and Phlogopite Deposit, for production of high-quality magnesia-silicate refractories for ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy equipment. It has been established that the massif adjoining the operating open pit mine is made up of olivinites covered from the surface by a thick layer of weathering crust up to 70 m thick which is powdery loose rock of the 4-0 mm fraction with a well preserved structure of the original crystalline olivinites and with a chemical composition practically no different from the latter.The desirability of testing olivinites of the weathering crust for production of olivinite-containing ladle parts was due to the low life of chamotte linings (6-9 heats) of Cherepovets Metallurgical Combine open hearth teeming ladles.Using the method developed by the authors 500 tons of Nos. 16 and 19 ladle parts, the shape and dimensions of which satisfied GOST 5341-69, were produced in the Experimental Technology Section of the Refractory Institute and in the Panteleimonovka Refractory Plant. Table 1 shows the physicotechnical properties of the experimental parts.The parts were tested in the linings of Cherepovet Metallurgical Combine 300-ton open hearth ladles. The working lining of the ladles was made in accordance with TI 105-ST.KK-39-90 in effect in the combine. The flat bottom and the lower rows of the walls were made of No. 19 parts, and the remaining rows of the walls of No. [6 parts. The safety layer ~f the lining was made of chamotte brick. The experimental parts were laid with an olivinite-chromite mortar developed by the authors. The well was rammed with MK-90 corundum compound. Before the first heat the ladle lining was heated on a stand to 800-1000~ for 10-12 h.During the first series of tests the ladles were lined with parts produced in the Experimental Technology Section ;~f the Institute. The ladles were used in teeming of types 08kp and 08Yu rimmed steels melted in No. 12 double-bath furnace. The temperature of the steel in the ladle was 1620-1650~ and the final basicity of the slag 2.2-3.1.The experimental lining served for 25 and 35 hot hours (15 and 18 heats, respectively) without repairs. The total amount of metal teemed from the two ladles was 9000 tons. The reason for stopping of teeming was formation of local areas of accelerated wear on the most attacked side of the ladle. Penetration of metal to the sate.ty layer at point sol intense wear was not observed by inspection of the working lining in breaking up of it. The remaining thickness of the working lining was 60-75 mm at the point of greatest wear and 110-120 mm at the least attacked points of the lining.The tests showed that the life of the experimental lining attained is three times greater than the average annual life of chamotte linings of steel teeming ladles used for this double-bath furnace. The remaining thickness of the lining indicates a reserve of life of 8-10 more heats...