No abstract

Avian semen dilution with appropriate extender allows to prolong the fertilizing ability of sperm stored in vitro. In the present study, the impact of extenders and time of storage on morphology of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen were examined. Semen was collected twice a week, using male stimulation by a female method, from 12 adults (29 weeks old) drakes kept individually in cages, under controlled environmental conditions. Freshly collected, pooled ejaculates were divided into three part: neat undiluted sample, and diluted 1:1 with Schramm (SCH) or Watanabe (W) extender and stored at 4°C. Morphological examination of all samples was conducted after dilution and then, after 3 and 6 hr of storage. The storage of undiluted semen caused decrease (p ≤ .01) in live morphologically normal sperm, from 79.73% in the freshly collected ejaculates to 55.75% and to 12.12% after 3 and 6 hr of storage, respectively (average calculated for the entire reproductive season). In the semen diluted with Schramm's extender the adequate values attained 86.84, 79.65 and 61.66%, and using Watanabe extender 84.77, 83.58 and 75.25%, respectively. The period of semen storage and the type of extender caused significant (p ≤ 0,05; p ≤ 0,01) changes in sperm morphology. The longer period of storage contributed to the decrease in number of morphologically normal sperm, whereas their content in Watanabe extender after 3 and 6 hr of storage was higher (p ≤ .01) than in semen diluted in Schramm extender.

The e#ect of quail semen dilution with three extenders : Lake's, Ringer's and Tyrod's on morphology and fertility trials of unstored spermatozoa was evaluated.Semen was collected twice a week by male stimulation by female method, from 0* quail males randomly divided into four groups (I-IV). Forty-eight females divided into four respective groups (A-D) were inseminated intravaginally with +* ml of fresh or ,* ml of ,-folds diluted semen.Semen dilution did not a#ect the number of live spermatozoa in total, but the number of live, morphologically normal spermatozoa depended on the diluent. The highest number of morphologically normal spermatozoa ῍0/.-῍ vs. 01./῍ in fresh semen was stated in semen diluted with Lake's extender. It was significantly higher (Pῌ*.*+) than in semen diluted with Ringer's diluent (/0.,῍).Egg fertility (33.,῍), hatchability from set (3+.,῍) and fertile eggs (3-.3῍) in naturally mated group were significantly higher (Pῌ*.*+) when comparing with females inseminated artificially both, with fresh and diluted semen. The highest fertility (0*.+῍) was obtained for spermatozoa diluted with Lake's extender, the lowest for spermatozoa treated with Ringer's solution (-*.,῍).

No abstract

The e#ect of proctodeal gland foam addition to fresh net or diluted semen supplemented with (DMA) dimethylacetamide, on morphology and fertilising potency of quail spermatozoa was evaluated.Every stage of quail semen preparation caused an increase in sperm deformations. The addition of foam, diluent and DMA decreased the number of morphologically intact spermatozoa by ,2.-percent points, in relation to the fresh semen.Foam addition to the fresh semen allowed to obtain 3+..ῌ fertility, which was similar to results obtained during natural mating (3-.*ῌ), but in diluted and DMA supplemented semen, equilibrated for / minutes at .῍, the foam had a detrimental e#ect on fertilising ability of spermatozoa.