Self-frequency doubling calcium oxoborate compounds GdCa4O(BO3)3 were prepared as a single crystal
by the Czochralski method. To reveal the nature and the distribution of defects, crystals were investigated by chemical
etching, X-ray methods, high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and Raman spectroscopy. XPS measurements
were performed to reveal the impurity of the single crystal. GCOB crystal showed high ordering in the lattice up to
room temperature.
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