C-peptide administration in replacement dose to streptozotocin-diabetic rats serves to limit or prevent the glomerular hypertrophy and the mesangial matrix expansion seen in the post-hyperfiltration phase of early diabetic nephropathy.

High intra‐tumoral fluid pressure (TPIF) may impair uptake of anticancer drugs into tumors, contributing to poor efficiency in treatment of carcinomas. Here, we demonstrate that lowering of TPIF parallels increased transport of 51Cr‐EDTA (m.w. 341) into tumor interstitium. Introduction of 15 μg prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) ‐methyl ester into the s.c. tissue surrounding transplanted rat colonic (PROb) carcinomas or chemically‐induced rat mammary carcinomas, lowered TPIF by 30%. Transcapillary transport into the interstitium of PROb tumors quantified by microdialysis increased by 39.6% after PGE1 treatment 40 min prior to administration of 51Cr‐EDTA (n=6; p<0.05) compared to vehicle (n=10). In mammary tumors, PGE1 increased transport into the tumors by 86.9% over controls (n=16; p<0.05). Both tumors had well developed stroma containing collagen and hyaluronan. Our data demonstrate that adjuvant treatment with PGE1 lowers TPIF, and enhances transport into the tumors. This principle may be of value as adjuvant therapy in treatment of solid malignancies with currently used anticancer drugs. Int. J. Cancer 86:636–643, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

C-peptide and captopril lower diabetes-induced glomerular hyperfiltration to a similar extent, but the influence of captopril on blood flow is greater than that of C-peptide, suggesting different mechanisms of action. No statistically significant additive effects of C-peptide and captopril were shown in this acute infusion study.

Although atorvastatin reduced total and LDL cholesterol effectively it was not beneficial regarding the long-term outcomes of cardiovascular endpoints or survival. In contrast to other patient groups, patients with severe chronic kidney disease, especially those on dialysis, seem to derive limited benefit from this lower dose of atorvastatin.

After a prolonged period of 24 months the extent of ultrafiltration need seems to be important for the outcome of the patients. Thereby those with higher need of ultrafiltration had worse prognosis. It seems important to motivate patients to reduce the extent of fluid intake between dialysis to prolong survival.