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Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica) is an important cole crop belonging to Crucifer family. Being native to Mediterranean region, its cultivation started in Italy in ancient roman times. It is gaining fast popularity during the last few years among the consumers particularly in and around bigger cities owing to the increased awareness about the nutritional properties as well as palatability. For better yield, application of nutrients and phyto hormones is an important consideration. Various doses of foliar application of boron, urea and GA 3 may affect the proper growth and development of broccoli. Accordingly the objective here was to study the effect of boron, urea and GA 3 on various vegetative growth parameters of broccoli. The experimental design was Randomized Block Design, with three replication and sixteen treatments, under field conditions in the year 2013-14 and 2014-15. The foliar spray of various combination of nutrient and phyto hormones was done twice at 20 days and 40 days after transplanting and status regarding plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, stalk length and plant spread were recorded thrice at 20, 40 and 60 days after transplanting. The result shows that in general the significant increases in various vegetative parameters were noticed upto the combination of urea @ 1.0% and GA 3 @ 50 ppm. However, the combination of urea @ 1.5% and GA 3 75 ppm had recorded with the maximum value. Thus, the urea @ 1.0% and GA 3 @ 50 ppm may be safely utilized for the better vegetative growth and development.

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one of the important spice crops grown in India in an area of 1.94 Mha with an average production of 9.71 ton and productivity 5 ton/ha (Anonymous 2013). Weed competition is one of the limiting factors for low yield of turmeric. Due to improper weed management, 30-70% yield losses have been reported in the crop (Krishnamurty and Ayyaswamy 2000). Turmeric is a long durational crop takes 8-9 months, therefore, preemergence application of herbicides alone can not control weeds throughout critical crop-weed competition period of the crop and needs an integration of pre-and post-emergence application of herbicide or inter-culture operation in combination with pre-emergence herbicide application. Hence, a field experiment was carried out to suggest a suitable integrated weed management for better production of turmeric.The experiment was carried out during rainy season, 2014 at Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand in randomized block design with three replications. The soil of experimental field was sandy loam slightly acidic in reaction (pH 5.9), low in organic carbon (4.2 g/kg) and N (243 kg/ha) while medium in P 19.15 kg/ha and K (188 kg/ha). The turmeric variety 'Rajendra sonia' was planted at 40 x 25 cm spacing on 3 rd July 2014. The recommended dose of FYM at 10 t/ha and 120:60:100 kg/ha NPK was applied. The experiment comprised of 15 treatments ( Table 1). Un-weeded check as hand weeding at 25, 45 and 75 DAP and un-weeded check respectively. All the herbicides alone or in mixture were applied with knapsack sprayer fitted with flatfan nozzle using 600 litres water/ha. Crop growth rate (g/m 2 /day) was calculated by using the following standard formulae suggested by Leopold and Kridemann (1975) between 30-90 and 90-150 DAP -Where, W2 and W1 are plant dry weight at time t2 and t1. Weed floraThe major weeds found in experimental plot, viz. Ageratum conyzoides (L.), Celosia argentea (L.), Acalypha indica (L.) among broad-leaved weeds; Digitaria sanguinalis (L.), Panicum dichotomiflorum among grassy and Cyperus rotundus (L.) among sedges were predominant. Among all the categories broad-leaved dominated (60.4%) followed by grassy (28%) and sedges (11.6%). Effect of weed density and dry matterAmong chemical weed control methods application of metribuzin 0.7 kg/ha PE fb fenoxapropp-ethyl 67 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha at 45 DAP recorded reduced total weed density at 90 and 150 DAP to the tune of 66.96 and 54.67% compared to hand weeding at 25, 45 and 75 DAP respectively. Similarly, total weed dry matter accumulation was reduced in metribuzin 0.7 kg/ha PE fb fenoxaprop-pethyl 67 g/ha + metsulfuron 4 g/ha at 45 DAP at 90 and 150 DAP to the tune of 44.24 and 52.27% respectively compared to hand weeding at 25, 45 and 75 DAP.The mean dry matter accumulation (g/m 2 ) by total plant parts increased gradually from 30 DAP to 150 DAP and then slightly decreased at 210 DAP. The mean dry matter accumulation at 30, 90, 150 and 210 DAP were 42.8, 345, 570 and 554 g/m 2 . The respective increase...