The aim of this work was to identify morpho-functional and biochemical changes in erythrocytes in students with different daily educational -training regimens after dosed physical exertion. The study involved 50 male students aged 20–22 years who study at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. Of these, 25 were untrained students (control group) and 25 were students studying for the highest sports qualification who were engaged in sports in which training was conducted to improve overall endurance (skiing, biathlon, long-distance running). At the end of the school year, all students were required to carry out a single session involving physical loading of maximum intensity on a veloergometer. According to the results of the questionnaire, it was found that the combination of intensive training and training processes caused a mismatch between the functional capabilities of the students’ and athletes’ biological systems and the increased volume and intensity of their psycho-physical loading, which is closely correlated with a decrease in their level of physical health. In the blood of untrained students, under the influence of dosed physical activity, reversibly altered forms of erythrocytes appeared, which accounted for 2.0% of the total number of erythrocytes. In the morphological study of student athletes, an increase in the content of reversibly and irreversibly altered erythrocytes was observed, the number of which exceeded 2.0% of the total number of erythrocytes. In individual student athletes echinocytes with small-focal microdefects of the outer membrane were observed in the peripheral blood, as well as acanthocytes and stomatocytes, which have low resistance to acid hemolysis. The mechanism of this phenomenon is a decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase, which leads to a deficiency of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes. Such cells under the influence of oxidizing agents quickly undergo lysis, which is manifested by a violation of their structural integrity. This can lead to the development of “anemia of loading”, which is manifested by a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and the number of erythrocytes with their morphometric recalibration due to the appearance of macro-microcytic forms. The presence of such changes can adversely affect both the athletic performance and the state of health of students. This requires appropriate correction of the training process, as well as the development and timely application of adequate measures aimed at eliminating the development of the pathological process and eliminating possible undesirable consequences.

The aim: Is to conduct a comparative analysis of electroneuromyographic parameters in patients with myofascial pain syndrome with multiple sclerosis under the conditions of using various means of physical therapy. Materials and methods: 105 patients aged 21 to 54 years were examined with MPS in MS. Neurological disorders were verified according to ENMG examinations. 64 patients were enrolled in an experimental group for which a specially designed program was included, which included reflexology and exercise for stretching muscles for 30 days. The control group included 41 patients who underwent a FT course based on therapeutic massage during the same time. Analysis of global ENMG was performed according to functional tests («muscle relaxation» and «maximum arbitrary muscle tension» with m. Tibialis anterior and m. Rectus femoris), M-responses and H-reflexes, polysynaptic responses (PSV) in withdrawal from these muscles during short-term stimulation n. plantaris (number of pulses in series 10, frequency - 20 Hz, duration of a separate stimulation signal - 1 ms, intensity - double threshold of contractile response of the muscles of the sole of the foot) and residual latency as the time of motor impulse on terminal non-myelinated nerve. Testing was performed on the same muscle groups on the left and righ. Results: Before physical therapy during electromyographic testing, a significant decrease in the amplitude of the maximum M response, a decrease in the speed of the impulse in the proximal and distal segments of the peripheral nerve, was found to be significant compared with the control, the ratio of the proximal-distal coefficient and the residual latency index significantly increased, which indicates a demyelinating character lesions of nerve conductors. After reflexotherapy with muscle stretching in 38.0% of the patients of the experimental group, the dynamics of the amplitude of the M-answers on the left and on the right has only a tendency to further increase, while in the other 62.0% of patients, the amplitude of the M-responses increases bilaterally and is 65.7% higher than in the control group. Conclusions: The use of reflexology in conjunction with stretching leads to a reduction in muscle spasticity and pain, as evidenced by electrophysiological indicators that substantiate their feasibility in the practice of physical therapy to improve the functional status of patients with MPS in MS.

Purpose:to study types of the cardio-hemo-dynamic reaction of an organism and morpho-biochemical changes of erythrocytes of peripheral blood of female volleyball players on physical activity of the maximum aerobic power. Material:18 female volleyball players with different qualification participated in the experiment (age -22,0±0,6 years). It is investigated cardio-hemo-dynamic (by functional methods), functional changes (by biochemical methods) and structure of erythrocytes (by means of the scanning electronic microscopy) before and after maximum (3,5 W/kg of body mass) physical activity. Results:It is determined that the maximum physical activity causes essential changes in cardio-hemo-dynamic. Such changes depend on the morphological reorganization of peripheral blood erythrocytes (increase in the index of erythrocytes deformation) and closely correlate with biochemical changes (decrease of ATP concentration and increase of magnesium concentration in erythrocytes). It is discussed the possible mechanisms of realization of reaction features of the organism of female volleyball players to physical activity of the maximum aerobic power. Conclusions:the physical activity of the maximum aerobic power finds typological features of the cardio-hemo-dynamic reaction of the female volleyball players' organism. Such features are expressed by conformational changes of erythrocytes of peripheral blood. They depend on the concentration of separate macroelements in these cells and type of cardio-hemo-dynamic. Cite this article as: Mytckan BM, Verbovyi VP, Chovhan RYa, Zemska NO, Kryzаnivskaya ОF, Bublyk SА, Моcherniuk VB, Faichak RI, Pjatnichuk GO, Popel' SL, Baskevich OV. Influence of physical activity of the maximum aerobic power on hemodynamic and morpho-biochemical of change of erythrocytes of female volleyball players. Pedagogics, psychology, medicalbiological problems of physical training and sports, 2018;22(5):272-279.

The influence of long term hypokinezia on the functioning of the erythrocytes system superoxyde dismutase – catalase and some mice tissues is investigated. It is shown that at long term hypokinezia for erythrocytes enzymes system superoxyde dismutase – catalase the phenomenon of cross regulation of activity is characteristic and this finds it’s reflection in negative correlation between the activities of enzymes. It is shown that the long term hypokinezia initiates the damages in processes of receipt and oxygen recycling in muscles and initiation of tissue hypoxia.