This paper considered the comparison of some tests for assessing the overall homogeneity of Kaplan-Meier survival curves under low and high censoring rates when the curves are disjointed towards the end. The performances of these tests were measured by their statistical powers. Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to evaluate and numerically compare the relative performances of Log-rank,Wilcoxon, Tarone-Ware, Peto-Peto, Modified Peto-Peto, the Fleming-Harrington (1,1), and the Babalola-Adeleke tests. The result obtained shows that the Babalola-Adeleke and Fleming-Harrington (1,1) tests have more robust performances than the other five popular tests with relatively high power in detecting differences when the censoring rates in the groups are both low and high. The highest overall average powers under low and high censoring rates were produced by Babalola-Adeleke and Fleming-Harrington (1,1) tests respectively. Hence, these two tests are the most suitable tests for diagnosing homogeneity of survival curves under these conditions.
This study examines perceptions of university library usage in considering factors that influence achievement of students and academic performance. A thorough review of relevant literature examined approaches to determining user satisfaction of students and factors that influence library usage. Data was gotten from students in three different tertiary institutions in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The result shows that the use of library has positive effect on the academic performance of students. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0778/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
This paper proposes alternative approach for the valuation of a European call option via Generalized Two Dimensional Differential Transform Method (GTDTM). The analysis of the Black-Scholes equation for a European call option involving fractional order with GTDTM is discussed. The fractional derivative is considered in the sense of Caputo. Also, it is assumed that the underlying asset price pays no dividend and follows the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM). The fractional Black-Scholes equation for a European call option has been solved successfully using GTDTM. The valuation formula of a European call option with fractional order has been obtained. An illustrative example is also presented to measure the performance of GTDTM in terms of accuracy, effectiveness and suitability in the context of the Black-Scholes Model (BSM). The results show that GTDTM compares favourably and agrees with BSM. Moreover, GTDTM is found to be accurate, effective, suitable and a good approach for the valuation of a European call option with fractional order.
Introduction: People living with HIV/AIDs (PLWHA) are also prone to mental health problem such as depression. However, there is limited evidence on the effects of care giver counselling on the level of depression among people living with HIV/AIDs. This study aimed to determine factors associated with depression and the effects of care giver counselling and follow up on depression among PLWHA attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Methods: This study has two parts. The first part addressed the descriptive aspect of the study while in the second part, an experimental study was performed on 64 depressed HIV patients (32 intervention group and 32 in the control group). These 64 respondents were randomly screened out of 351 consenting PLWHA in the hospital using Zung’s self-rating depression scale. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to allocate participants to the groups, with the first client of the 64 participants allocated to the control group and the next client allocated to intervention group. On-phone counselling of a minimum of 30 minutes (once in a week) was done for the patients in the experimental group for a month after which a post intervention assessment was done for both intervention and control groups. Bar chart and descriptive statistics were employed to explain the data. Yate’s Chi-squared statistics was employed to find out statistical associations between the groups while the p-values were consequently reported. Results: The age of the studied subjects ranged between 21-80 years with a mean age of 41.53 (±9.06). One hundred forty-nine (42.5%) of the 351 subjects were found to have one form of depression or the other. Of 351 subjects, 57.5% were not depressed, 17.1% had mild depression, 10.3% had moderate depression and 15.1% had severe depression. One hundred two (29.1%) of 351 respondents came from a severely dysfunctional family, while 193(55.0%) from a moderately dysfunctional family and 56(16%) from highly functional family. The percentage of the intervention group that suffered severe depression reduced from 40.6% to 6.2% after the intervention as opposed to a marginal reduction of 34.4% to 31.2% in the control group without intervention (p-value<0.001). Also, the relationships between the severity of depression and BMI, CD4 and family functions were significantly associated with p-values of <0.001. Conclusion: Care giver counselling significantly reduced depression among PLWHA. Therefore, PLWHA should be encouraged through policies and otherwise to attend counselling sessions with caregivers.
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