This study aimed to investigate the phenolic content, antioxidant activity,
cytotoxicity and the in vitro wound healing activity of methanolic and
aqueous extracts of Verbascum stachydifolium Boiss & Heldr. var.
stachydifolium. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant
activity were measured using spectrophotometry-based methods. Quantitative
analysis of the selected phenolics was performed by HPLC. The cytotoxic
effects of the extracts on L929 mouse fibroblast cells were evaluated by the
MTT assay. The migration of treated fibroblast cells was assessed by the
cell scratch assay. The expressions of type I collagen, FGF7, TGF-?1 and
VEGF were evaluated by qRT-PCR and ELISA. The HPLC-based analysis revealed
the presence of different phenolic compounds at varying amounts and high
antioxidant activities were detected. The cytotoxicity assay results
indicated that the methanolic and aqueous extracts did not exhibit any
cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells when used up to 500 ?g/mL
concentration. Fibroblast migration was stimulated to the highest degree by
the aqueous extract obtained by maceration as observed in the scratch assay
at 60.4% closure. The molecular mechanism of the wound healing activity
involves the upregulation of the analyzed genes.
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