The present research was aimed to characterize the formula of self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for lemongrass essential oil. The observation variables included: particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. Meanwhile, the materials consisted of the mixtures of oils (lemongrass essential oil and carrier oil), surfactants, and cosurfactants. Carrier oils were screened as candidates for SNEDDS, and the formula was evaluated for transmittance and emulsification time. The value of the formulation component was lemongrass essential oils, carrier oil (Virgin Coconut Oil), surfactant (Tween 80), and co-surfactant (PEG 400) = 8.34, 8.34, 71.43, and 16.67 % respectively. The formulation had a mean of the nanoemulsion droplet diameters of 20.7 nm with the polydispersity index (PI) 0.378 and potential zeta -73 mV. The transmission electron microscopy demonstrated spherical droplet morphology. This research produced SNEDDS of lemongrass essential oil with nanoparticle size that can be used as feed additive for poultry

No abstract

Background and Aim: Feed plays the most important role in supporting livestock productivity. There is a need for studies on the nutrient levels in feed absorbed by the body of livestock. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation in feed on growth, small intestinal histomorphology, and digestibility in hybrid ducks. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in vivo using 75 hybrid ducks, with three treatments and five replications. Each replication consisted of five ducks. The treatments were: T0=basal ration without any alfalfa supplementation; T1=basal ration+3% fresh alfalfa supplementation; and T2=basal ration+6% fresh alfalfa supplementation. Fresh alfalfa was quantified on the basis of dry matter content. Drinking water was provided ad libitum. The observed variables were growth performance, measured in terms of feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio; duodenum histomorphology, measured in terms of villus height, villus width, and crypt depth; digestibility, measured in terms of dry matter digestibility; and organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber concentrations. The data were analyzed using variance analysis with a completely randomized design of one-way pattern with Statistical Product for Service Solution application of version 22. The data with significant differences were further analyzed using Duncan's new multiple range rest. Results: The results of the study showed that 3% alfalfa supplementation increased feed consumption and body weight gain of the hybrid ducks at 35 days of age compared with 0% and 6% supplementation. Furthermore, 3% alfalfa supplementation presented the best result in terms of villus height and duodenal crypt depth. Meanwhile, 6% alfalfa supplementation decreased nutrient digestibility in the ducks. Conclusion: These findings show that supplementation of feed with fresh alfalfa could have a significant effect on hybrid ducks in terms of growth performance, small intestinal histomorphology, and digestibility.

No abstract

INTISARIKonsep kebijakan pembangunan peternakan Indonesia pada saat ini telah bergeser dari paradigma pembangunan yang sentralistik menuju pada konsep pembangunan partisipatoris. Konsep partisipatoris secara operasional formal diwujudkan dalam bentuk kelompok-kelompok ternak. Kelompok ternak merupakan perwujudan modal sosial di masyarakat yang penting dalam pembangunan masyarakat peternak khususnya dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modal sosial terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga peternak. Data terkait 61 rumah tangga peternak yang tergabung dalam kelompok ternak ayam Ngudi Mulyo di Gunungkidul dikompilasi pada tahun 2016 untuk dianalisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan peternak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep kebijakan yang partisipatoris dalam pembangunan peternakan berkontribusi dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan rumah tangga yang berbasis pada persepsi diri tentang kesehatan keluarga, penerimaan, dan pendapatan selain untuk faktor produksi.(Kata kunci: Kebijakan pembangunan peternakan, Modal sosial, Pembangunan masyarakat, Tingkat kesejahteraan) ABSTRACT Concepts