Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: pertama, bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan berdasarkan undang-undang pertambangan mineral dan batubara? Kedua, bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan perspektif masyarakat hukum adat yang berkeadilan ekologis? Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan berdasarkan undang-undang pertambangan mineral dan batubara saat ini hendaknya disesuaikan dengan putusan-putusan mahkamah konstitusi dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dalam konteks perizinan. Pemerintah daerah provinsi sekarang ini mengambil alih kewenangan pemerintah kabupaten/kota untuk mengeluarkan izin tambang berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 yang sebenarnya masih bersifat semi sentralistik dan secara kewilayahannya dalam konteks tambang masih berada di kabupaten, sementara pemerintah provinsi sebagai wakil dari pemerintah pusat; kedua, Kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan perspektif masyarakat hukum adat yang berkeadilan ekologis terletak pada konsep kearifan masyarakat hukum adat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam, dalam hal ini tambang yang menjadi hak penguasaan negara. Terdapat hubungan timbal balik antara manusia dengan alam, dimana masyarakat hukum adat selalu menempatkan keseimbangan alam dalam pengelolaan lingkungan (participerend cosmisch), sehingga keadilan ekologis dapat dirasakan semua unsur alam, selain manusia.The problems in this paper are: first, what are the mining resource management policies based on mineral and coal mining laws? and second, how is the mining resource management perspective of the ecological justice community indigenous people? This research method uses normative legal research with the classification of secondary data including primary legal materials including legislation in the fields of mineral and coal mining, environmental protection and management, and regional government. Secondary legal material in the form of books and journals, while secondary legal material in the form of online news. Data analysis using qualitative juridical analysis. The results of this study are first, current mining resource management policies based on mineral and coal mining laws should be adjusted to the decisions of the constitutional court and Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government in the context of licensing. The provincial government is currently taking over the authority of the district / city government to issue mining permits under Law No. 23 of 2014 which are actually still semi-centralistic and in the territory in the context of mines still in the district, while the provincial government is the representative of the central government; secondly, the policy of managing mining resources from the perspective of indigenous peoples with ecological justice lies in the concept of indigenous peoples’ wisdom in managing natural resources, in this case mining which is the state’s right of control. There is a reciprocal relationship between humans and nature, where customary law communities always place natural balance in environmental management (participerend cosmisch), so that ecological justice can be felt by all elements of nature, other than humans.

Optimal performance on each employee will affect the company's activities where it is expected by the company that employees must always improve their performance for the benefit and benefit of the company. Many factors can determine the ups and downs of the performance of employees in each company. These factors include the things that influence motivation of employees, the existence of a comfortable work environment and training related to employee competence. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of motivation, work environment and competence on employee performance at PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) Kualanamu Branch Office. This study uses an associative approach, namely research conducted to determine the effect or relationship between the independent variables with the dependent variable. The results showed that partial motivation did not have a significant effect on employee performance. Partially work environment has a significant effect on employee performance. Partially competence have a significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously motivation, work environment and competence have a significant effect on performance. Obtained the results of the coefficient of determination is worth 0.825 or 82.5% meaning that around 82.5% of the performance variable can be explained by the motivation variable, work environment and competence. Or it can be said that the contribution of motivation, work environment and competence to employee performance at PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) Kualanamu Branch Office is 82.5%. The remaining 17.5% is influenced by variables not examined in this study.

This study aims to examine and analyze inheritance dispute resolution related to the position of adopted son based on Batak Toba indigenous law. This research was conducted using a normative juridical approach with analytical descriptive specifications. The data obtained were then analyzed using qualitative juridical methods. The results show that the indigenous inheritance law positions the adopted son on par with the biological son. Suppose there is an inheritance dispute between the adopted son and the biological child. In that case, the inheritance dispute resolution based on the Batak Toba indigenous law can go through three stages: family deliberation, indigenous institutions, and the courts are the final stage or step that must be chosen. Most of the Batak Toba indigenous people choose dispute resolution through indigenous institutions. In this case, the chance of failure of agreement in dispute resolution through indigenous institutions is tiny because indigenous institutions involve indigenous leaders who understand and control the Batak Toba indigenous law. Therefore, it is recommended to all Batak Toba indigenous people who are in dispute to carry out a resolution through three stages based on the Batak Toba indigenous law. In addition, it is hoped that all Batak Toba indigenous community elements will supervise the implementation of dispute resolution decisions, considering that Batak Toba indigenous people prioritize and uphold the values of kinship and peace in dispute resolution.

Adoption of a child according to customary law is an act of taking another person's child into his own family in such a way that there is a kinship relationship that is the same as between parents and their own biological children. This research was conducted in Kampung Naga, Tasikmalaya Regency, because the majority of the population adheres to Islam but in all aspects of life including the distribution of inheritance still uses customary law rules. The purpose of this study is to examine the position of the inheritance rights of adopted children based on laws and regulations and the practice of inheritance distribution to adopted children. The research method uses normative juridical which is a juridical analytical research specification which will be processed in a qualitative juridical manner. The position of the adopted child's inheritance, if a court decision is requested, is carried out, a court ruling that will provide legal certainty to the adoptive parents and adopted child as strong evidence that it is true that there has been an adoption of a child. The two systems of adopting children are carried out not explicitly and not in cash, including those carried out in the Kampung Naga Community, Tasikmalaya Regency.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai peran dan fungsi kelembagaan masyarakat yang terlibat dalam program-program PS yang sudah dan atau sedang dijalankan di Kabupaten Manokwari. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan yakni metode studi kasus, yang mana sebagai kasus dalam penelitian ini adalah peran dan fungsi anggota kelompok dalam pengembangan program PS. Responden yang diwawancarai dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari responden kunci adalah setiap ketua kelompok dalam lembaga dan pendamping kegiatan dari instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga kelompok kebun rakyat di tiga lokasi yang berbeda yaitu: kelompok Ofoncu Efeina (Kelurahan Amban), Udopi (Kampung Masepi) dan Sarina (Kampung Sarina).  Penggunaan areal untuk membangun areal pembibitan dilakukan pada hak milik anggota kelompok. Keterlibatan stakeholder sangat berperan dalam mendukung realisasi kegiatan PS yang cukup efektif. Hasil evaluasi kelembagaan masyarakat yang melaksanakan program PS pembuatan kebun bibit rakyat di Kabupaten Manokwari dinilai sangat lemah dan mengahadapi tantangan besar namun disisi lain peluang dari luar sangat besar jika kelembagaan masyarakat dapat ditata dan dikembangkan.