The objective of this meta-analysis was to elucidate whether there are general underlying effects of dietary tannin extract supplementation on rumen fermentation, digestibility, methane production, performance, as well as N utilisation in ruminants. A total of 70 papers comprised of 348 dietary treatments (from both in vivo and in situ studies) were included in the study. The database was then statistically analysed by the mixed model methodology, in which different experiments were considered as random effects and tannin-related factors were treated as fixed effects. The results revealed that an increased level of tannin extract inclusion in the diet lowered ruminant intake, digestibility, and production performance. Furthermore, the evidence also showed that an increased level of tannin extract decreased animal N utilisation where most of rumen by-pass protein was not absorbed well in the small intestine and directly excreted in the faeces. Due to the type of tannin extract, HT is more favourable to maintain nutrient intake, digestibility, and production performance and to mitigate methane production instead of CT, particularly when supplemented at low (<1%) to moderate (~3%) levels.

No abstract

INTISARIPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan produksi tanaman sorgum varietas lokal Rote sebagai pakan ternak ruminansia pada umur panen dan dosis urea yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Laboratorium Hijauan Makanan Ternak dan Pastura Fakultas Peternakan UGM selama 4 bulan dari tanggal 11 November 2011 hingga 27 Februari 2012. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu umur panen (UP) sebagai faktor pertama (UP1= 50 hari, UP2 = 70 hari, dan UP3 = 90 hari) dan dosis pupuk urea (P0 = tanpa urea sebagai kontrol, P1 = 50 kg/ha, dan P2 = 100 kg/ha) sebagai faktor kedua. Kombinasi perlakuan ini diulang 4 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah produksi bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), dan protein kasar (PK) (g/polibag). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi BK tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan UP3P2 (107,27 g/polibag) dan berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dengan UP3P1, UP3P0, UP2P2, UP2P1, UP2P0, UP1P2, UP1P1, dan UP1P0. Perlakuan UP3P2 dan UP3P1 menghasilkan produksi BO yang lebih tinggi yaitu 108,07 dan 84,70 g/polibag, dibandingkan dengan UP3P0, UP2P2, UP2P1, dan UP2P0. Produksi BO terendah terdapat pada kombinasi perlakuan UP1P0 (25,60 g/polibag) dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan UP1P2 (32,88 g/polibag) dan UP1P1 (28,70 g/polibag). Produksi PK tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan UP2P2 (5,57 g/polibag) dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan UP3P2 (5,14 g/polibag) dan UP1P2 (5,03 g/polibag). Produksi PK berbeda dengan UP3P1, UP2P1 dan UP1P1. Produksi PK juga berbeda dengan UP1P0 dan UP2P0. Perlakuan UP3P0 merupakan kombinasi perlakuan yang menghasilkan produksi PK terendah yaitu 2,22 g/polibag. Disimpulkan bahwa tanaman sorgum yang dipanen pada umur 90 hari dengan dosis pupuk urea 100 kg/ha, menghasilkan hijauan terbaik sebagai pakan ruminansia.(Kata kunci: Sorgum, Umur panen, Dosis urea, Produksi bahan kering, Produksi protein kasar) (November 11 -February 27, 2012) ABSTRACT The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the production of sorghum plant (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) of Rote local variety as forage for ruminant feed at different combination of harvest time and urea level. The experiment conducted for 4 months

This study was conducted to determine the effect of hay alfalfa supplementation (Medicago sativa L.) in different basal feeds on the feed intake (FI), live weight (LW), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and income of Hybrid Duck. In vivo trial was conducted with 120 MA hybrid ducks (Mojosari x Alabio), based on completely randomized design (CRD). Three (3) treatments and 6 replications with each repetition consisted of 5ducks. The treatments were P1 = radom mixed feed, P2 = 90% radom mixed feed + 10% hay alfalfa and P3 = 90% alternative feed + 10% alfalfa hay. Feed was obtained in dry matter but offered as fed. Feed and drinking water was offered ad libitum. The observed variables included feed consumption, live weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and income over feed cost. The data obtained were analyzed with the application of Statistical Product for Service Solution (SPSS) version 22 and if there was significant differences in treatment it would be further tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that 10% alfalfa supplementation in free mixed feeds and alternative feeds showed a significant effect (P <0.05) on the value of feed consumption, but not with the other variables. Based on these results it can be concluded that three type of feed has similar potential as feed for duck. However, radom mixed feed treatment with 10% alfalfa hay supplementation (P2) is the most optimum treatment among the other treatment feeds, due to the highest live weight income value.

No abstract