Using two different TRAPP subunits as bait, we have identified four additional components of this human vesicle–tethering complex. Functional studies suggest that TRAPP functions early in ER-to-Golgi traffic, at or before the level of the ERGIC compartment.
Objective-Proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the development of retinal vasculopathies. However, the role of these factors and the mechanisms by which they elicit their effects in retina are not known. We investigated whether activated microglia during early stages of ischemic retinopathy produces excessive interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which elicits retinal microvascular degeneration not directly but rather by triggering the release of the proapoptotic/repulsive factor semaphorin-3A (Sema3A)
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