The use of herbicides to control grass in Medicago sativa (alfalfa) pastures is still incipient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of fluazifop-p-butyl in the control of Brachiaria decumbens (signalgrass) in alfalfa. Thus, randomized block design was used, with seven doses of fluazifop-p-butyl (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 g ha-1), and four replications. Herbicide application was performed when the plants had about 20 cm height. Chlorophyll fluorescence, control of signalgrass and alfalfa toxicity were evaluated at 7, 15 e 30 days after application (DAA) and, at 45 DAA and 45 days after cut (DAC), both species were cut and tiller density, as well as branches and dry matter of forage species, were determined. Fluazifop-p-butyl does not affect the integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus of alfalfa plants, due to high tolerance to this mechanism of action presented by dicotyledonous species. However, signalgrass had physiological variables negatively affected by the herbicide, indicating the presence of physiological stress, even at the lowest doses of the product. The dose of 50 g ha-1 of fluazifop-p-butyl is effective in controlling signalgrass, without causing physiological and growth damage in alfalfa plants.

Treatment of industrial wastewater has grown in the last years and industries have been continuously searching improvements in the treatment`s processes based on CONAMA 357/2005 resolution. In this context, the electroflocculation may be a promising alternative due to its economic and environmental benefits, allowing water reuse. This work aims to study the treatment of oil production water by electroflocculation process, with aluminum electrode, in a batch reactor. The study focused on removal of OG, color, turbidity and boron. The results indicate that the process of electroflocculation is a technically viable alternative for removal of OG, color and turbidity, obtaining average removals of 84%, 83% and 83%, respectively. However, it wasn’t efficient to remove boron.

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Herbicides have been used to control Brachiaria grass in pastures established or in formation given their practicality, however their efficiency is questionable due to the lack of specific graminicides for different forage species. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl in the control of Brachiaria decumbens (signalgrass) and the intoxication levels of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (Tanzania quinea grass) in pasture establishment. The experiments were designed in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 5 × 4 factorial arrangement of two herbicides (fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate), five doses equivalent to the commercial dosage of each herbicide (0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 1.50; 200), and four evaluation times after herbicide application (15, 21, 30 and 45 days). There was interaction between doses and evaluation times. The dose 1.5 L ha-1 fluazifop-p-butyl provides efficient control of signalgrass, however, leads to high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass. Glyphosate is efficient in the control of signalgrass even at the lowest dose (90 g ha-1), however, it causes high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass, preventing its use in developing pastures. It can be concluded that fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate herbicides are not recommended for the control of B. decumbens, cv. Basilisk in developing pastures of Tanzania guinea grass.

Introduction:Migraine is a primary headache that is usually severe. It is classified into five main categories, the two most important being migraine without aura and migraine with aura. The common, without aura, is characterized by periodic headaches that are usually pulsatile and unilateral, exacerbated by activities and associated with nausea, photophobia and phonophobia. In academics, headaches lead to loss of days of study and worse academic performance. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of migraine without aura in academics of the Physiotherapy course. Methodology: A total of 217 physiotherapy students over 18 years of age were evaluated, and the headache questionnaire was applied according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, 2014. Conclusion: It is concluded that there was prevalence of migraine without aura in academics of the Physiotherapy course.