Spalangia leiopleura Gibson, 2009 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is reported for the first time from Brazil. One female was collected using a Möricke trap at the Reserva Biológica do Jaíba, municipality of Matias Cardoso, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on 19-22 May 2015. This species was previously known only from North America, between about 40° N in USA to Tamaulipas state in northern Mexico. Thus, our new record extends the known distribution of S. leiopleura southward about 7,300 km, and represents a new national record for Brazil and a new record for South America and the Neotropical Region.