METODY OCHRONY MOSTÓW RUROCIĄGOWYCH PRZED SKUTKAMI UDERZENIA HYDRAULICZNEGOW artykule omówiono wybrane metody zabezpieczenia mostów rurociągowych przed skutkami uderzenia hydraulicznego. Wskazano na przyczyny i możliwe zniszczenia spowodowane uderzeniem hydraulicznym. Zamieszczono przegląd aktualnie stosowanych metod ochrony przed uderzeniem hydraulicznym, wykonano porównanie efektywności wybranych systemów ochrony przed uderzeniem hydraulicznym. Zwrócono uwagę na fakt, że częstości drgań własnych mostów rurociągowych mogą odpowiada ć częstościom zmian ciśnienia fali uderzenia hydraulicznego i być powodem rezonansu.
In pipeline systems, bridges are much more exposed to exceptional loadings and related failures than other elements of hydraulic plants. Water hammer, a phenomenon of abrupt change in fluid pressure caused by e.g. the sudden closing or opening of a valve, pump failure or a power cut, is an example of such loading. The reasons for this phenomenon and the possible failure it can cause are discussed in the article. An overview of the currently used protection methods against a water hammer and the possibilities to improve the construction of the devices that are used for such protection are shown. The effectiveness of three selected systems of protecting against a water hammer is discussed in detail. It is underlined that in the case of large-span pipeline bridges, especially suspension bridges, natural frequencies of the bridge can coincide with the frequency of the fluid pressure wave caused by a water hammer. This resonance can cause excitation of pipeline bridge vibrations. The possibilities of eliminating pipeline vibrations by applying vibration absorbers or flexible supports are pointed out. The importance of the need of detailed structural dynamic analysis and the determination of eigenfrequencies with their corresponding eigenforms is highlighted.
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