Wasis B, Winata B, Marpaung DR. 2018. Impact of land and forest fire on soil fauna diversity in several land cover in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 690-696. Forest fire is one of the primary disturbances that damage forest and disturb forest sustainability. Land and forest fire may lead to die-offs, declines and in general influence the development of abundant of soil fauna on the ground. This research aims to identify and assess the diversity, wealth, evenness, and the pattern and spread of land fauna in various ecosystems, both burnt and unburnt by the fire. Research was conducted in some districts in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Sampling methods for soil diversity were done by hand-sorting methods in three burnt and unburnt ecosystems. Those ecosystems were primary forest, industrial plantation forest, and oil palm plantation. Generally, we found 519 individual species included in 46 genera, 33 families, 20 orders of 8 classes, and 3 phyla in whole ecosystem observed. The highest soil fauna diversity was primary forest with value of DMg = 4.243, H'=2.664, E=0.862. Meanwhile, the lowest soil fauna diversity was found in burnt palm plantation with value of DMg=2.102, H'=1.520, and E=0.692. Environmental factors like abiotic and biotic affected to the diversity level of soil fauna.

In this investigation, the impact of bauxite mine to natural forest biomass and soil properties in Kas Island, Riau Island Province in Indonesia was investigated. On the island of Kas, bauxite mining permits have been issued. Mining activities will cause the destruction of natural forests as a source of wood, loss of flora and fauna, water regulator and medicines, besides it will also cause damage to land and the environment. Reclamation activities undertaken aimed at improving the vegetation structure and soil characteristics that undergo changes due to mine. The research method used is the analysis of vegetation and soil sampling is done by purposive sampling. Laboratory test data from physical and chemical properties of the soil, were analyzed by descriptive and statistical tests. Bauxite mining activities have caused the loss of biomass of natural forests by 168.8 tons / ha. Revegetation activities on bauxite mining sites should be restored through planting trees of Pulcherrimum sp, Laplacea subintegerrima, Calophyllum soulatri, Thesposia populnea, Diosphyros sp, Schima wallichii and Hopea mangarawan. Bauxite mining activities cause changes in soil properties, namely a significant increase in bulk density of 0.55 (76.39%) and a significant decrease in porosity of 22.39 (30.21%), drainage pore of 6.57 (52.77%), water available at 6.41 (36.59 %), permeability is 19.59 (82.69%), C-organic is 12.20 (93.99%), N is 0.47 (85.45%), and P is 29.88 (85.91%). Therefore, bauxite mine activity leads to significant changes in physical properties and soil chemistry properties for bulk density parameters, porosity, drainage pores, available water, and permeability, C-organic, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of the soil.

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Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) is part of the Tropical Rainforest Heritage program of Sumatra that was designated by UNESCO. GLNP is very vulnerable to vegetation land cover decrease due to illegal logging, encroachment, oil palm expansion, and inappropriate management of ecotourism. GLNP authority has the responsibility to handle forest threats by estimating vegetation cover and manage the ecotourism sector. This study aims to estimate vegetation cover and investigate strategy in developing ecotourism business model for sustainable forest management in GLNP. The methods used Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis in estimating vegetation cover, and Social Enterprise - Business Model Canvas (SE-BMC) in developing a strategic business ecotourism model. NDVI was classified into 5 classes from class 1 to 5 (non-vegetation or very low dense vegetation to very high dense vegetation) based on unsupervised classification (natural breaks in ArcGIS). The results showed the largest vegetation area in GLNP belongs to class 4 (445876 ha or 32.68%) and class 5 (355018 ha or 26.02%). This indicates that the majority of GLNP by area is still densely vegetated. Based on SE-BMC analysis, GLNP management needs to collaborate with the local community and other stakeholders. We recommend improving ecotourism management and enhancing community development.

Limestone mining is an activity that can cause damage and negative impact on the environment. Revegetation is needed to be done so that the damaged land condition can be returned in accordance with its designation. Acacia mangium is one of the species that can be used in revegetation of mining area. This study aims to increase the A. mangium growth response at the limestone mining land that can be used as a tool for consideration in revegetation activities. The design used in this experiment was a complete randomized design (CRD) factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the application of coconut shell charcoal and the second factor was the application of NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the addition of coconut shell charcoal could give effect to the number of nodules with the best dose of 90 g and NPK fertilizer was able to give effect to the growth of diameter and the number of root nodules with the best dose of 15 g.