Top predators such as leopard Panthera spp. are often associated with high biodiversity, so the protection of their habitats is one of the most effective ways to conserve biodiversity globally. In this paper, we use ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA), a presence-only environmental habitat-envelope based method to create habitat suitability maps for Persian leopard in Golestan National Park (GNP), Iran. The Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor is an endangered subspecies on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. During a one-year field study in 2009, we recorded 120 leopard locations and related these to 14 environmental variables. Our analysis shows that the Persian leopard in this area lives within a very narrow range of conditions and therefore may require rather specific habitat protection and management in this area.

This study aimed to elaborate a case with several complications and recommended some suggestions for dental management of these individuals. Case Presentation: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a relatively rare condition involving a group of patients with inherited connective tissue disorders. Main manifestations of this condition are fragile and hyperextensible skin as well as joint mobility. A 6.5 year-old-girl referred with clinical presentation of frequent unexplained bruises leading to the characteristic clinical features of ED syndrome. Gentle and atraumatic approach in every way is the key in medical and dental management of such patients as minimum pressure could still lead to severe bruises even during a simple dental examination. Conclusions: All clinical findings were directly related to the features described for EDS. There are occasions when dentists would be the first health professionals to see these individuals at a young age; knowing the classic signs of EDS could help in identifying and managing them properly.