No abstract

A reaction system has been studied for the production of C 12 and C 18 hydrocarbons from sorbitol by reduction with a hydroiodic acid (HI)−phosphorous acid mixture. The effects of reaction conditions on the yield and selectivity of hydrocarbons have been investigated. It was found that both the increase in the water content and decrease in the HI amount lead to the decrease of the yield and increase of selectivity for hydrocarbons and water exhibits greater effect than HI. The yield of hydrocarbons was found to increase with time but did not change too much after the reaction proceeded for 14 h. A maximum yield of 62.07% for hydrocarbons was achieved at a water content of 34%, a sorbitol/hydroiodic acid/phosphorous acid molar ratio of 1:3:8, and a reaction time of 12 h. The possible reaction mechanism, we think, is the umpolung of the C−I bond and eventually the formation of the C−H bond plus the polymerization of unstable halocarbons, which results in the formation C 12 and C 18 hydrocarbons.

This paper describes the passive design strategies of Sunny Inside, which is a zero-energy solar house designed to participate in Solar Decathlon China 2013. Ecological atrium design, shading design, natural ventilation design, heat storage system design and thermal insulation design of Sunny Inside are introduced and analyzed respectively. The discussion of the building's energy performance is based on the measured and simulated data by using several building simulation softwares in the study. Ecotect software is used to optimize the house's shading design through simulating the shading conditions. Phoenics software is used for simulating the natural ventilation design of Sunny Inside. Designbuilder software is used in building envelope design to analyze the building's energy consumption. The results show that Sunny Inside is reasonable in passive energy efficiency design.

This paper discusses the design of water and wastewater systems in highly energy-effi'cient, environmentally friendly houses for 2013 Solar Decathlon China (SDC). Team XIAU's work "Sunny Inside" is taken as an example to discuss the design and installation of cold and hot water systems, grey water and rainwater collection systems, irrigation system and drainage system. Heat pump, solar water heater, low-pressure air atomization and membrane biological reactor are introduced. Other teams' new technologies on this issue are also being discussed.