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Modern district heating systems represent an attractive alternative in the view of inhabitants accomodating their demand for thermal energy. Production of thermal energy in biomass combustion boilers contributes to the reduction of pollutant emission associated with the combustion of fossile fuels. This article focuses on a wood chip boiler of 3MW output, in the combustion chamber of which depositions were produced on the chamotte lining reducing boiler performance. Our aim was to explore the exact reasons leading to formation and continuous growth of slags during operation. We were looking for correlations between various fuels combusted in our boiler, the operational parameters of the boiler and the slags formed. We defined the combustion features of various fuels, the softening features of fuel ashes and deposition samples as well as the structure and composition of ash samples by using a scanning electrone microscope; based on our findings we have drawn consequences and proposed potential measures.