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usage occurred in 58% of cases; the rest were bail-out procedures due to suboptimal initial balloon predilation. S-IVL was most commonly used in the left anterior descending coronary artery (50%), with 1.3 ± 0.5 stents implanted/target vessel. Angiographic success (<20% residual stenosis) occurred in all cases, with no procedural complications. Conclusion: S-IVL appears to be a useful modality in coronary calcium modification to optimise stent expansion. This device obviates the need for more complex lesion preparation strategies such as rotational atherectomy. Further study is warranted to compare different calcium modification devices with conventional balloon angioplasty.

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