A series of simple aliphatic nitro compounds has been synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity in vitro. Some of the compounds inhibit the growth of a broad range of fungi and bacteria including species of Pseudomonas. The most active compounds are alcohols containing the grouping -CBrN02-. Replacement of bromine by hydrogen, chlorine, or alkyl groups diminishes the activity. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.

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A modification of existing in vivo-in V~T O techniques for ' screening ' new chemotherapeutic agents is reported. Examples are given of its wessment with several antibiotics. Serum from mice inoculated intraperitoneally with the antibiotics waa serially diluted in an indicator medium and assayed against the Oxford staphylococcus. By means of standards diluted in the same medium the amount of antibiotic/ml. of serum was calculated. Six known antibiotics were used in these investigations and determinations made of the lowest dose that would give a detectable level; the level given over a period of hours by a standard dose, i.e. 40 mg./kg., and a comparison between mice and guinea pigs using the standard dose.